S5E11 Tree Care, Watering Guest Jeff Bernhard The Gardening with Joey and Holly Radio Show

The Gardening with Joey & Holly radio show Podcast/Garden talk radio show (heard across the country)

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In segment 1 Joey and Holly talk about tree care what to and not to do.
Plant the right tree. This is the first, and one of the most important steps in making sure you get years of enjoyment from any tree. Choose a species that is well adapted to your climate and the specific conditions of soil, light and space at the planting site. For more information on the best trees for your region, visit your local nursery or local Cooperative Extension System office.
Remove stakes early. A tree that is allowed to sway in the wind develops a stronger trunk. If a new tree can’t stand on its own, use a two-stake system (one on either side of the root ball) with a loose, flexible tie in between to support the trunk. Remove the stakes as soon as the tree can stand alone, hopefully after one year.
Keep the grass away. Grass growing up against the trunk competes with the tree for air, water and nutrients (and usually wins the competition). Young trees, in particular, often develop poorly when grass is allowed to grow right up against their trunks. For best results, maintain a grass-free, mulched area around the trunk instead.
Water properly. Young trees need regular watering, but even mature trees need to be watered during periods of drought. Water deeply to saturate the entire root zone (2-3 feet deep for mature trees) to just outside the drip line (an imaginary line from the outside of the tree canopy down to soil level). Allow the soil to partially dry before watering again. Don’t count on lawn sprinklers to do the job for you. They rarely wet deep enough and can result in shallow rooted trees. Soil basins or drip irrigation are better options.
Fertilize when needed. Don’t assume trees need to be fed on an annual basis. Young trees may need occasional fertilizing until established, but mature trees often don’t need to be fed at all. Feed only if trees are growing poorly or have yellowing foliage. A soil test will confirm exactly which nutrients are needed.
Mulch. Apply 2-3 inches of organic mulch, such as pine straw or compost, under the canopy of the tree. Mulch cools the soil, conserves moisture, improves soil texture and reduces weeds. Replenish often. Here are some helpful tips for mulching.
Prune properly. Pruning enhances the structure and strength of your trees, making thinning cuts (removing entire limbs at their origin) as opposed to heading cuts (cutting along the length of a branch or hat-racking). For large trees, consult a certified arborist. Pruning correctly and pruning at the right time can make all the difference.
In general, pruning in spring can limit the tree's bloom potential for the year. ... But, you can safely do some tree pruning in spring–as long as you don't remove any more than 10 percent of the tree's branches. Your goal with spring pruning should be one of two things
Your goal with spring pruning should be one of two things.
Pruning for safety: Remove any dead, dying or decaying branches to keep your tree (and home) safe.
Minimal pruning for aesthetics: Cut or remove branches to shape your tree a bit.
Remember: pruning trees in spring can leave them more vulnerable to insect infestation and diseases.
That’s why you don’t want to prune these trees in spring, summer or early fall:
Oak trees to reduce the chance of oak wilt (if oak wilt is in your area)
Elm trees to reduce the chance of Dutch elm disease
Sycamore trees to reduce the chance of anthracnose
Honeylocust trees to reduce the chance of stem cankers
For most of my gardening life, trees and shrubs that needed a nutrient boost got their annual fertilizer application in early spring, right before active growth began for the year. This timing has been the generally accepted practice by gardeners and experts everywhere for years. And although early spring is a good time, new research indicates there is an even better time.
Contrary to traditional wisdom, many experts now consider late fall, or about a month after the first killing frost, to be the ideal time for applying fertilizers. We now know plants utilize nutrients throughout the year in different ways.
In the past, the most common reason against fertilizing in the fall was the fear that plants and trees would put on new growth if unseasonably warm weather returned, only to be burned or damaged by imminently colder temperatures.
The key is to understand the difference between early fall and late fall timing. If you fertilize in late summer or early fall, when temperatures are still warm and plants are still actively growing, it is likely new growth could occur and damage to tender new foliage could be the likely result.
The rationale for late fall fertilization makes sense when you understand why. At this time, deciduous trees and shrubs have lost their foliage for the year and active growth of plants and trees has slowed. Rather than put on new foliage growth, the roots of established trees or shrubs take the nutrients from the soil and apply them to important health-promoting functions, such as disease resistance and root development. The excess nutrients are stored in the roots and become immediately available when needed for new growth in spring.
Protect the roots. Cars and heavy equipment should never be allowed to drive over the root areas of trees. They compact soil, reducing available oxygen, and can kill roots. Nor should you remove or add soil beneath tree canopies without consulting a certified arborist. Changing grades can also harm roots and weaken trees, often killing them or making them more susceptible to storm damage.
Protect the trunk. Bumping into trees with lawn mowers or whipping the trunks with weed-eaters damages the bark and trunk, weakening the tree structurally while inviting insects and disease. Young trees are particularly susceptible but can be protected with plastic wraps available at nurseries and garden centers. Better yet, maintain a 2- to 3-foot wide grass-free, mulched ring around the tree.
Control pests. Insect pests like adult Japanese Beetles, Adelgids and Caterpillars can seriously damage or weaken trees.
In segment two Joey and Holly talk about watering
Quick snap - water hoop - drip works - tree diaper
Water schedule
Water consistently
Use irrigation options
Mulch to keep moisture in and splashing on plants
Think about containers and size
Water containers properly
Water in early morning or late evening
Feel under soil for dryness
If you don't water you lock up nutrients (blossom end rot)
In Segment three Joey and Holly welcome their guest.
Jeff Bernhard is a corporate executive but he developed a passion for gardening less than a decade ago and he now has a youtube channel where he teaches other people how to grow food himself! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrTifHthy7qyKDzOn8UWpcA
1. You didn't start gardening til your 40s - thats not exactly common - what sparked your interest later in life?
2. You moved from Houston to Pittsburgh and this is your first year growing in a different climate - are you prepared for the differences? What have you learned? Any challenges you expect to face?
3. Your youtube channel is The Executive Gardener - when our listeners check it out, what can they look to find there?
4. Your wife helps prepare a lot of the food from the garden - is there any dish she makes that is a favorite that our listeners should try?
5. When you face a gardening challenge - as a newer gardener - what are some ways you stayed motivated to try to overcome it?
6. How can our listeners find out more about you?
In segment four Joey and Holly answer gardeners questions
1. Q: What crops grow good in very rocky soil?
A:Herbs, Butterfly weed, Coneflower Epimedium, (shady rocky areas)
Oxeye Daisy, Verbena Rose Campion, Black Eyed Susan, Succulent plants, Small trees and shrubs. most vegetables do fine in rocky soil with the exception of root crops
2. Q: Planting shallots I missed planting them in fall. Can you still plant them in Spring or can they only be planted in the fall and need over wiring in the ground ?
A: you can plant them as soon as the ground can be worked they are very hardy and can stand cold and no they do not need to be overwintered in the ground spring planting is fine
3. Amy writes that I have pole beans that I left in the trelise last year. They dried but I never brought them indoors. Are they any good? Can I plant them?
A: Yes they are still good if they were mostly dry before the cold temps. In nature the beans sit frozen all winter long fall to the ground and then germinate in the spring without human help.
4. I have a neighbor down the street that has horses and has a sign out front of the house that says free horse manure and I've been tempted to picked it up and put the horse manure in my garden but I'm not sure if I can use it fresh or I have to wait a couple years for it to age what should I do? Also is there a difference between horse manure and cow manure?
A: Thank you for the question horse manure that is not composted are aged will burn your plants same for cow manure, you can get it and compost it. well-aged manure, or that which has been allowed to dry over winter, can be worked into the soil. Manure that is piled and left alone will decompose slowly. This can take three to four months if conditions are ideal. You also need to know what the grassed the horse has eaten as it can be killer compost
5. Is kelp and sea weed good for the garden?
First Seaweed collection for personal use, in small qualities does not require a licence check your area or (do it at night)
Seaweed is actually an alga ponds have algae .
A: You can put kelp, or any seaweed, into a bucket or large glass jar and fill with water. Leave this in the sun, covered, for a few days and your 'tea' will be brewed. Use this as a foliar spray to deter insect pests, or apply directly to the soil around seedlings
Seaweed contains useful amounts of iodine, copper, iron, potassium, manganese, phosphorus and zinc. If you are concerned about salt, seaweed can be spread out over the driveway and rinsed with a hose.
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