New in Nature: Google Agents Beat Human Doctors, Make Scientific Discoveries – With Vivek Natarajan and Anil Palepu

"The Cognitive Revolution" | AI Builders, Researchers, and Live Player Analysis

In this episode, Nathan Labenz speaks with Vivek Natarajan and Anil Palepu from Google DeepMind about their groundbreaking work on AMIE (Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer) and Co-Scientist. The conversation reveals how these AI systems are already outperforming human physicians in diagnostic accuracy and treatment recommendations, with AMIE now entering clinical trials at a Harvard Medical School teaching hospital. Even more remarkably, the Co-Scientist system demonstrates genuine scientific discovery capabilities, independently proposing the exact same mechanism for bacterial drug resistance that human scientists had recently discovered but not yet published—signaling a threshold moment where AI is becoming a legitimate thought partner in humanity's most complex intellectual endeavors.

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CHAPTERS:

(00:00) About the Episode

(06:26) Introduction and Welcome

(07:49) AMY Medical Intelligence Overview

(11:29) Chat-Based Medical Interactions

(13:59) Specialized Medicine Results

(18:17) Co-Scientist System Headlines (Part 1)

(18:21) Sponsors: Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) | Shopify

(21:36) Co-Scientist System Headlines (Part 2)

(26:32) Bacterial Drug Resistance Discovery

(31:41) AI Scientific Discovery Process

(35:35) Hallucinations vs. Creativity (Part 1)

(35:37) Sponsors: NetSuite

(37:10) Hallucinations vs. Creativity (Part 2)

(42:04) Agent Design Architecture

(49:17) Long Context Benefits

(55:35) Computational Requirements

(01:01:10) Specialist Models Integration

(01:07:01) Future Model Integration

(01:12:31) Tournament Evaluation Methods

(01:19:09) AI Question Generation

(01:22:42) Real-World Deployment Plans

(01:25:58) Outro