Artificial Intelligence has suddenly gone from the fringes of science to being everywhere. So how did we get here? And where's this all heading? In this new series of Science Friction, we're finding out.
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3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving에서 제공하는 콘텐츠입니다. 에피소드, 그래픽, 팟캐스트 설명을 포함한 모든 팟캐스트 콘텐츠는 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving 또는 해당 팟캐스트 플랫폼 파트너가 직접 업로드하고 제공합니다. 누군가가 귀하의 허락 없이 귀하의 저작물을 사용하고 있다고 생각되는 경우 여기에 설명된 절차를 따르실 수 있습니다 https://ko.player.fm/legal.
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1 Patti Truant Anderson: Polling and the Surprising Results Around What People Really Think About the Food System 24:55
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24:55Text “Do people even want to know about some of these issues? Because I think some of the meat production concerns, it's kind of like people would rather in some cases, I think some people might not really want to know all the nitty gritty. They don't want to know how the sausage is made. That poses an interesting question and challenge about how you communicate about some of these issues, when maybe there's a resistance among a subset of people who don't want to know more.” - Patti Truant Anderson This is the fourth episode in a special four-part series where we go deep into the food system with some of the brightest minds from Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, an interdisciplinary center based out of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. One of the reasons that we did this series is because we're about to enter another four years with the Trump administration; and last time, as we know, the Trump administration was pretty terrible for the food system in terms of climate, public health, worker safety, and of course, for the animals. This conversation is with Patty Truant Anderson. Patty is a senior program officer at the center. Part of her work at the Center focuses on public opinion polling around the food system. These polls can inform decisions by lawmakers. The great news is we're not nearly as polarized as it might seem. There is a lot of hope in the results. Links: Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future - https://clf.jhsph.edu/ Patti Truant Anderson - https://clf.jhsph.edu/about-us/staff/patti-truant-anderson…
South China Sea claims are complicated. US's only interest is aggression.
Manage episode 268928739 series 2533574
3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving에서 제공하는 콘텐츠입니다. 에피소드, 그래픽, 팟캐스트 설명을 포함한 모든 팟캐스트 콘텐츠는 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving 또는 해당 팟캐스트 플랫폼 파트너가 직접 업로드하고 제공합니다. 누군가가 귀하의 허락 없이 귀하의 저작물을 사용하고 있다고 생각되는 경우 여기에 설명된 절차를 따르실 수 있습니다 https://ko.player.fm/legal.
This show compiled by the Alternative News team and presented by Zachary Doney, CICD member.LOOSE TRANSCRIPT:[presenter signs on]This show will consist of some general news, both domestic and international and then a closer look at a current hot-button topic, that of the South China Sea.General NewsDomestic:An anti-China rally supposedly took place at Martin Place, Sydney with many people waving the Australian flag, holding signs that say “CHINA LIED”. This happened around the same time Black Lives Matter protesters were arrested in Sydney.The Council of Attorneys-General decided there was not enough evidence to raise the age of juvenile detention from 10 years old to 14 years old and has postponed the issue until at least 2021. International:Pyongyang has reported their first suspected coronavirus case and have put their city into lockdown to stop the virus from spreading.Australia has sent a letter to the United Nations declaring that China’s claims on islands in South China Sea are ‘illegal’. Australian politicians have cited the security of South China Sea as one of our interests under ‘Operation Gateway’.Australia has consolidated our alliance with the US at the Australia-US Ministerial talks, but resisted going all the way with the US in their aggression towards China by conducting “freedom-of-navigation exercises” in the South China SeaAustralia promised to continue joint military exercises with the US to pursue their shared national interests in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean to apparently “deter bad behaviour”. We ask that the militaries of both China and the US stay home.At the talks, Australia and the US also spoke of expanding the US military presence in Darwin and of installing a US-funded military fuel reserve for the American military in the Northern Territory.Mike Pompeo complimented Australia on our new $270 billion defence strategy that makes us what he called an “extremely capable partner of the US” in defending international law.Thousands of workers, peasants, and students mobilised across India in late July against the Modi administration’s neoliberal policies to privatise India’s railways. Many protestors were arrested including Council of Indian Trade Unions cadres and members of the Dakshin Railway Employees’ Union.Vietnam evacuated 80,000 people from the city of Danang after three people tested positive for coronavirus. Most of the people evacuated were local tourists from around Vietnam. Vietnam has been a role model in containing the virus with a total of 446 confirmed cases and 0 deaths.After elections were postponed in Bolivia last week for the third time since the 2019 coup, the Bolivian Workers’ Union, Central Obrera Boliviana, and the organised coca farmers of Cochabama mobilised the people to demand democracy from the interim government. The Bolivian workers’ union told the government that if the decision to postpone elections is not retracted, then the workers will enact a general strike and road blockade nationwide on Monday the 3rd of August.The Census Bureau of America found that almost half the population of the US are facing evictions for not being able to pay rent because of the financial strain coronavirus has put on the country. Millions of people could be forced out of their homes.Early this week, the Israel Defence Force fired into Lebanon to stop an evidence-free “Hezbollah infiltration” attempt along the Blue Line. The IDF fired into a civilian house in Lebanon. Hezbollah claimed that the Israeli army were pre-emptively firing at Lebanon in fear of a Hezbollah retaliation attack after one of their members died in an Israeli air strike in Syria. Hassan Diab, the Lebanese Prime Minister said the incident was a “dangerous military escalation by Israel” and that if escalation continues, it will be an excuse for a push to alter the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon which ends next month. The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon are conducting research into the incident. South China SeaWe've been hearing a lot about the South China Sea lately. history of area, competing claimsrom the beginning of last century until now the South China Sea has been under dispute by several regional players - China, Vietnam (who call it the East Sea), the Phillippines (who have called it the West Philippine Sea since 2011)Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Taiwan. $3.37tn of trade passes through this region including 40% of the world's LNG. Presumably for this Imperialist think tanks like the Council on Foreign Relations rate the impact of the conflict in the South China Sea on US interests as "critical". Ostensibly to keep this trade moving, though it is not really clear if this is the whole reason, the US prefers to be able to sail weapons platforms around the region and would like to continue to do so. To achieve this aim it relies on the United Nations Convention of the Law Of the Sea. This is a Convention which the United States of America has not ratified.[ title only: explanation of 1982 UNCLOS]After 3 decades of negotiations the United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea was signed in 1982 and came into effect in 1994. It establishes various zones around nations and decrees what activities can lawfully occur in those zones in terms of fishing and resource extraction.Under the Convention area of the sea the area of the sea floor which belongs to "everyone" has shrunk from 70% to 43% thanks to claims by countries.UNCLOS does not address sovereignty issues related to the South and East China Seas, and its vague wording has prevented it from serving as a credible body of law in resolving territorial disputes.current situation[who is in disputeevery regional player has some kind of claim to the South China Sea. ]what are they disputing?access to resources, fossil fuels and fisheries. Although it is only estimates there seems to be a huge amount of oil and gas under the seabed. Each claimant to the area is trying to push its sovereignty out into the region to the detriment of other claimants.why is the issue being raised again?this ongoing and complicated dispute is being used to further the domestic political interests of the ruling political class of the United States.We shall return to this point briefly later but as far as this is the case Australia has no business getting involved.[Thankfully an Australian delegation which flew to the coronavirus capital of the world during a global coronavirus pandemic did not commit to participating in so called freedom of navigation operations with the US.]Australia did issue a statement calling China's activities in the South China Sea illegal. As discussed earlier, this illegality is based on a Convention which was written in such a way that it could not be used to solve the dispute in question.There is a huge mess of details in the issue of the South China sea and the US is not interested in solving any of them.The US seems to limit itself to countering Chinese aggression in the region.So what constitutes Chinese aggression?China sees itself as having a valid claim to the South China Sea. The South China Sea is a coastal water of China. Does that then mean that everyone should obey the nine-dash line and Vietnam can't fish in the East Sea anymore? Well… I don't think so but I have some doubts about this Chinese aggression.According to American exceptionalism, the US is the only country that can have interests close to its own borders.It's easy to forget this because the border of the US seems to be everywhere in the entire world. For instance, how did their freedoms get in Syria? China has militarised some reefs -this project seems to have concluded in 2016. Possibly this constitutes aggression. There have been collisions at sea over the years - and also some recent near-misses. These are very serious incidents. Oil spills should not be tolerated.Regional players have been involved in a series of maritime collisions and violations of each others' sovereignty. Disputes over moving oil rigs into Vietnamese waters and disputes over fishing activities in the wrong places and so on.As far as militaries go essentially there is a tit-for-tat series of activities in the sea - China develops the Spratly islands, the US sails warships near the islands, China puts a missile on the islands. What the US views this as escalation, China views this as exercising sovereignty, and so on.what constitutes US/imperialist aggression?Here's a quote from a US news magazine called The Nation: "On July 4, it deployed two nuclear-powered aircraft carriers— the USS Nimitz and the USS Ronald Reagan—along with their accompanying squadrons of cruisers, destroyers, and submarines; joining them was a nuclear-capable B-52 Stratofortress, flown in all the way from Barksdale Air Force Base, La. On July 15, the guided missile destroyer USS Ralph Johnson sailed within 12 nautical miles of Cuarteron Reef and Fiery Cross Reef, two tiny islands converted by the Chinese into military bases. And on July 21, two B-1B supersonic bombers, originally designed to carry nuclear weapons, flew over the South China Sea in yet another demonstration of America’s military prowess."In 2014 the US and Philippines sign a military pact which gives the US higher troop presence in the country and greater access to bases, ports and airfields in the region. For their part in this the Philippines gain a more prolonged taste of the military-industrial jackboot. A taste that we know all too well in Australia.Blaming China for everything going wrong with the world. From the US economy to coronavirus everywhere you turn the demonic apparition of the Chinese Communist Party lurks! OK, what should Australia do?should pursue a genuinely independent foreign policy position on this issueit is correct that we want peace in the SE asian region.we also want the respect of the parties involved if we're speaking out on peace in the regionFor a possible example of how Australia could behave: ‘Vietnam does not pursue a military buildup, but Vietnam pursues protecting our sovereignty, firstly with peaceful measures, diplomatic mea"sures, and even justice measures." VIETNAMESE PRIME MINISTER NGUYEN XUAN PHUCwe should urge against aggression in the region particularly on the part of the US whose neighbourhood it is not.we should call for the demilitarisation of the islands in the south china sea.we should call for the united states to remove its military from the regionwe should call for the US to ratify the UNCLOS. Are we strategically independent, as M Payne insists?We are heading for a big crash, in Australia - in the developed world. JobKeeper and JobSeeker are being reduced as of September and JobKeeper has already been cut to our Early Childhood Educators. Australia’s interests are much more local than those of the US, and US exceptionalism provides a poor model for Australia to emulate. Secretary Pompeo’s chest-beating on China may play well to the US Republican base, but it does nothing to assist Australia in navigating a changing and difficult relationship.Although we aren't participating in the next round of sailing close to the Spratly Islands, we have a long way to go in the battle for our independence. Currently we're being positioned as being able to guide the US in the Asia-Pacific:From a recent Australian Foreign Affaris article: 'Canberra is now in an unusual position – it can make demands of Washington and try to set the terms of the alliance. “Australia has got quite a lot of bargaining leverage with the United States, which we’re not using at the moment,” [Michael] Wesley says. “The United States needs us as it hasn’t needed us for a long time, possibly since the Second World War, and that should be giving us the ability to help shape US strategic thinking in the region.” 'Ashley Townshend from the United States Studies Centre said in a recent ABC article: '"Put simply: the US can no longer uphold a favourable balance of power on its own, which means that likeminded partners such as Australia, Japan and key South-East Asian countries must contribute more purposefully to a multilateral regional military strategy," [Ashley Townshend from the United States Studies Centre] said.'to the extent that this is about more than US domestic policy it is about this.this shows that the US wants to have multi-lateralism in Asia on American terms. This is the role of the minor-imperialists in the region, Japan, South Korea and good old, true blue, fair dinkum Australia. Let's hope we can avoid an absolute catastrophe. The Morrison government wants to invest in a bilateral conversation that will not make any difference to the problems now facing humanity - economic collapse, pandemic and climate change. These problems demand sustained international effort and in that every nation, including China, has a role to play. [presenter signs off]
…
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96 에피소드
Manage episode 268928739 series 2533574
3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving에서 제공하는 콘텐츠입니다. 에피소드, 그래픽, 팟캐스트 설명을 포함한 모든 팟캐스트 콘텐츠는 3CR 855AM Community Radio, Romina Beitseen, and Andrew Irving 또는 해당 팟캐스트 플랫폼 파트너가 직접 업로드하고 제공합니다. 누군가가 귀하의 허락 없이 귀하의 저작물을 사용하고 있다고 생각되는 경우 여기에 설명된 절차를 따르실 수 있습니다 https://ko.player.fm/legal.
This show compiled by the Alternative News team and presented by Zachary Doney, CICD member.LOOSE TRANSCRIPT:[presenter signs on]This show will consist of some general news, both domestic and international and then a closer look at a current hot-button topic, that of the South China Sea.General NewsDomestic:An anti-China rally supposedly took place at Martin Place, Sydney with many people waving the Australian flag, holding signs that say “CHINA LIED”. This happened around the same time Black Lives Matter protesters were arrested in Sydney.The Council of Attorneys-General decided there was not enough evidence to raise the age of juvenile detention from 10 years old to 14 years old and has postponed the issue until at least 2021. International:Pyongyang has reported their first suspected coronavirus case and have put their city into lockdown to stop the virus from spreading.Australia has sent a letter to the United Nations declaring that China’s claims on islands in South China Sea are ‘illegal’. Australian politicians have cited the security of South China Sea as one of our interests under ‘Operation Gateway’.Australia has consolidated our alliance with the US at the Australia-US Ministerial talks, but resisted going all the way with the US in their aggression towards China by conducting “freedom-of-navigation exercises” in the South China SeaAustralia promised to continue joint military exercises with the US to pursue their shared national interests in the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean to apparently “deter bad behaviour”. We ask that the militaries of both China and the US stay home.At the talks, Australia and the US also spoke of expanding the US military presence in Darwin and of installing a US-funded military fuel reserve for the American military in the Northern Territory.Mike Pompeo complimented Australia on our new $270 billion defence strategy that makes us what he called an “extremely capable partner of the US” in defending international law.Thousands of workers, peasants, and students mobilised across India in late July against the Modi administration’s neoliberal policies to privatise India’s railways. Many protestors were arrested including Council of Indian Trade Unions cadres and members of the Dakshin Railway Employees’ Union.Vietnam evacuated 80,000 people from the city of Danang after three people tested positive for coronavirus. Most of the people evacuated were local tourists from around Vietnam. Vietnam has been a role model in containing the virus with a total of 446 confirmed cases and 0 deaths.After elections were postponed in Bolivia last week for the third time since the 2019 coup, the Bolivian Workers’ Union, Central Obrera Boliviana, and the organised coca farmers of Cochabama mobilised the people to demand democracy from the interim government. The Bolivian workers’ union told the government that if the decision to postpone elections is not retracted, then the workers will enact a general strike and road blockade nationwide on Monday the 3rd of August.The Census Bureau of America found that almost half the population of the US are facing evictions for not being able to pay rent because of the financial strain coronavirus has put on the country. Millions of people could be forced out of their homes.Early this week, the Israel Defence Force fired into Lebanon to stop an evidence-free “Hezbollah infiltration” attempt along the Blue Line. The IDF fired into a civilian house in Lebanon. Hezbollah claimed that the Israeli army were pre-emptively firing at Lebanon in fear of a Hezbollah retaliation attack after one of their members died in an Israeli air strike in Syria. Hassan Diab, the Lebanese Prime Minister said the incident was a “dangerous military escalation by Israel” and that if escalation continues, it will be an excuse for a push to alter the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon which ends next month. The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon are conducting research into the incident. South China SeaWe've been hearing a lot about the South China Sea lately. history of area, competing claimsrom the beginning of last century until now the South China Sea has been under dispute by several regional players - China, Vietnam (who call it the East Sea), the Phillippines (who have called it the West Philippine Sea since 2011)Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia and Taiwan. $3.37tn of trade passes through this region including 40% of the world's LNG. Presumably for this Imperialist think tanks like the Council on Foreign Relations rate the impact of the conflict in the South China Sea on US interests as "critical". Ostensibly to keep this trade moving, though it is not really clear if this is the whole reason, the US prefers to be able to sail weapons platforms around the region and would like to continue to do so. To achieve this aim it relies on the United Nations Convention of the Law Of the Sea. This is a Convention which the United States of America has not ratified.[ title only: explanation of 1982 UNCLOS]After 3 decades of negotiations the United Nations Convention on the Law Of the Sea was signed in 1982 and came into effect in 1994. It establishes various zones around nations and decrees what activities can lawfully occur in those zones in terms of fishing and resource extraction.Under the Convention area of the sea the area of the sea floor which belongs to "everyone" has shrunk from 70% to 43% thanks to claims by countries.UNCLOS does not address sovereignty issues related to the South and East China Seas, and its vague wording has prevented it from serving as a credible body of law in resolving territorial disputes.current situation[who is in disputeevery regional player has some kind of claim to the South China Sea. ]what are they disputing?access to resources, fossil fuels and fisheries. Although it is only estimates there seems to be a huge amount of oil and gas under the seabed. Each claimant to the area is trying to push its sovereignty out into the region to the detriment of other claimants.why is the issue being raised again?this ongoing and complicated dispute is being used to further the domestic political interests of the ruling political class of the United States.We shall return to this point briefly later but as far as this is the case Australia has no business getting involved.[Thankfully an Australian delegation which flew to the coronavirus capital of the world during a global coronavirus pandemic did not commit to participating in so called freedom of navigation operations with the US.]Australia did issue a statement calling China's activities in the South China Sea illegal. As discussed earlier, this illegality is based on a Convention which was written in such a way that it could not be used to solve the dispute in question.There is a huge mess of details in the issue of the South China sea and the US is not interested in solving any of them.The US seems to limit itself to countering Chinese aggression in the region.So what constitutes Chinese aggression?China sees itself as having a valid claim to the South China Sea. The South China Sea is a coastal water of China. Does that then mean that everyone should obey the nine-dash line and Vietnam can't fish in the East Sea anymore? Well… I don't think so but I have some doubts about this Chinese aggression.According to American exceptionalism, the US is the only country that can have interests close to its own borders.It's easy to forget this because the border of the US seems to be everywhere in the entire world. For instance, how did their freedoms get in Syria? China has militarised some reefs -this project seems to have concluded in 2016. Possibly this constitutes aggression. There have been collisions at sea over the years - and also some recent near-misses. These are very serious incidents. Oil spills should not be tolerated.Regional players have been involved in a series of maritime collisions and violations of each others' sovereignty. Disputes over moving oil rigs into Vietnamese waters and disputes over fishing activities in the wrong places and so on.As far as militaries go essentially there is a tit-for-tat series of activities in the sea - China develops the Spratly islands, the US sails warships near the islands, China puts a missile on the islands. What the US views this as escalation, China views this as exercising sovereignty, and so on.what constitutes US/imperialist aggression?Here's a quote from a US news magazine called The Nation: "On July 4, it deployed two nuclear-powered aircraft carriers— the USS Nimitz and the USS Ronald Reagan—along with their accompanying squadrons of cruisers, destroyers, and submarines; joining them was a nuclear-capable B-52 Stratofortress, flown in all the way from Barksdale Air Force Base, La. On July 15, the guided missile destroyer USS Ralph Johnson sailed within 12 nautical miles of Cuarteron Reef and Fiery Cross Reef, two tiny islands converted by the Chinese into military bases. And on July 21, two B-1B supersonic bombers, originally designed to carry nuclear weapons, flew over the South China Sea in yet another demonstration of America’s military prowess."In 2014 the US and Philippines sign a military pact which gives the US higher troop presence in the country and greater access to bases, ports and airfields in the region. For their part in this the Philippines gain a more prolonged taste of the military-industrial jackboot. A taste that we know all too well in Australia.Blaming China for everything going wrong with the world. From the US economy to coronavirus everywhere you turn the demonic apparition of the Chinese Communist Party lurks! OK, what should Australia do?should pursue a genuinely independent foreign policy position on this issueit is correct that we want peace in the SE asian region.we also want the respect of the parties involved if we're speaking out on peace in the regionFor a possible example of how Australia could behave: ‘Vietnam does not pursue a military buildup, but Vietnam pursues protecting our sovereignty, firstly with peaceful measures, diplomatic mea"sures, and even justice measures." VIETNAMESE PRIME MINISTER NGUYEN XUAN PHUCwe should urge against aggression in the region particularly on the part of the US whose neighbourhood it is not.we should call for the demilitarisation of the islands in the south china sea.we should call for the united states to remove its military from the regionwe should call for the US to ratify the UNCLOS. Are we strategically independent, as M Payne insists?We are heading for a big crash, in Australia - in the developed world. JobKeeper and JobSeeker are being reduced as of September and JobKeeper has already been cut to our Early Childhood Educators. Australia’s interests are much more local than those of the US, and US exceptionalism provides a poor model for Australia to emulate. Secretary Pompeo’s chest-beating on China may play well to the US Republican base, but it does nothing to assist Australia in navigating a changing and difficult relationship.Although we aren't participating in the next round of sailing close to the Spratly Islands, we have a long way to go in the battle for our independence. Currently we're being positioned as being able to guide the US in the Asia-Pacific:From a recent Australian Foreign Affaris article: 'Canberra is now in an unusual position – it can make demands of Washington and try to set the terms of the alliance. “Australia has got quite a lot of bargaining leverage with the United States, which we’re not using at the moment,” [Michael] Wesley says. “The United States needs us as it hasn’t needed us for a long time, possibly since the Second World War, and that should be giving us the ability to help shape US strategic thinking in the region.” 'Ashley Townshend from the United States Studies Centre said in a recent ABC article: '"Put simply: the US can no longer uphold a favourable balance of power on its own, which means that likeminded partners such as Australia, Japan and key South-East Asian countries must contribute more purposefully to a multilateral regional military strategy," [Ashley Townshend from the United States Studies Centre] said.'to the extent that this is about more than US domestic policy it is about this.this shows that the US wants to have multi-lateralism in Asia on American terms. This is the role of the minor-imperialists in the region, Japan, South Korea and good old, true blue, fair dinkum Australia. Let's hope we can avoid an absolute catastrophe. The Morrison government wants to invest in a bilateral conversation that will not make any difference to the problems now facing humanity - economic collapse, pandemic and climate change. These problems demand sustained international effort and in that every nation, including China, has a role to play. [presenter signs off]
…
continue reading
96 에피소드
모든 에피소드
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Alternative News
A
Alternative News
Transcript:Neutrality would keep us out of a U.S.-China warANDREW 1: Good morning listeners. My name’s Andrew and with me is Bevan Ramsden. We’re from IPAN, the Independent and Peaceful Australian Network. In this edition of Alternative News we examine neutrality as an alternative Australian foreign policy in the light of recent surveys which show that a clear majority of Australians are in favour of Australia remaining neutral in the event of war between the U.S. and China. We have discussed neutrality in a previous program but are re-visiting the subject in the light of Bevan Ramsden’s recent participation in an International Conference on Neutrality. This Congress had the theme of ‘Neutrality – a Strategy for Global Stabilisation’. Bevan, give us the background to this conference.BEVAN 1: The Congress was held in Bogota, the capital of Colombia. It is situated in the Andes on a plateau 2,500 metres above sea level. Bogota is home to 12 million people in a country with a population of 50 million. The primary organisers of the Congress were World Beyond War and the International Peace Bureau. The two- day Congress involved 50 speakers from 25 countries on 5 continents. Some of the presentations from distant countries were made over the internet but most were in person.The Congress was held in a venue within the Republic of Colombia’s Congress Building, which houses the Colombian Parliament. We were addressed by four Senators at the opening breakfast meeting within the Congress Building. I was present as the IPAN representative and was the only representative from Australia.ANDREW 2: I understand that the Vice President of Colombia took part in the conference.BEVAN 2: Yes, on the second day we met with the Colombian Vice President, Francia Marquez, who spoke to us about her position on neutrality and we all shook hands with her at the end of her speech. Whilst she endorsed the Congress’ aim of formulating a strategy for ensuring peace world-wide, she raised some criticism of neutrality as such, as did several others at the Congress. The particular criticism deserves our attention because IPAN has endorsed the principle of “non-nuclear armed neutrality” in our vision for an alternative defence for an independent Australia.The concern is that neutrality could be taken to mean “isolationism”; “washing ones hands of world problems”; “turning ones back on injustices in the world” etc. Vice President Marquez said we cannot turn our backs on the suffering of the people in Gaza, for example.ANDREW 3: You say this discussion has implications for IPAN and its policies. Can you explain why this is so?BEVAN 3: It has implications for IPAN because we have proposed an alternative defence policy for Australia based on the concept of non-nuclear armed neutrality. Listening to the Vice President and other speakers at the Congress, it became clear to me that we need to carefully elaborate and explain exactly what we mean by neutrality. We certainly would not favour an isolationist approach.To be of any value to the Australian people, a policy of neutrality would have to involve positive engagement with the countries in our region and beyond and the taking of a stand on the side of peace and justice. For example, in relation to Gaza, a neutral Australia would not become involved militarily but would use all available diplomatic and economic measures to oppose Israeli Zionist genocide, and bring about a permanent ceasefire and secure a safe and peaceful future for the Palestinian and Israeli people. ANDREW 4: Some listeners may not have heard about this alternative defence policy which IPAN has formulated. Can you provide some details?BEVAN 4: IPAN’s alternative defence policy is based on non-nuclear armed neutrality and emphasizes diplomacy as the first option in the resolution of conflict between states. The ADF would be reconfigured for, and confined to, defence of Australian territory and its surrounding waters out to the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone. There would be no involvement in foreign wars of aggression and overseas deployment of the ADF would be restricted to joining United Nations peace keeping forces in appropriate circumstances.ANDREW 5: My understanding is that a policy of territorial defence would be far less expensive than Australia’s current focus on preparing for overseas wars, against China for example, in lock-step with the United States and its other allies. Defence analysts now say that recent technological advances such as those involving drones and remote sensing have made territorial self-defence based on area denial a much cheaper option than expeditionary, aggressive wars in distant locations.BEVAN 5: The costs are indeed mild-boggling. Australia’s military expenditure is planned to reach 2.4 percent of GDP by 2034 and the AUKUS expenditure of 368 billion dollars on nuclear propelled hunter-killer submarines is only a part of this. Defence Minister Marles has no trouble finding billions of dollars for hypersonic missile development and for equipping our frigates with Tomahawk cruise missiles designed for use against land-based targets while the country is crying out for affordable housing, improved health care, urgent attention to addressing the climate emergency and many other matters impacting the lives of the Australian people.ANDREW 6: I understand that IPAN’s alternative defence policy based on neutrality has found support in the Australian community and thus arguably deserves serious discussion. Two national opinion polls, conducted in 2023 by the Lowy Institute and Essential Research, have found that a majority of Australians are in favour of keeping out of a U.S. war against China and adopting a neutral position. In particular, the Lowy poll showed that 73 percent of Australian women favour this position. So what exactly is neutrality and how would it work?BEVAN 6: Broadly speaking there are two approaches, Isolationist neutrality and actively engaged neutrality.Switzerland’s policy is an example of isolationist neutrality. Switzerland joined the United Nations as recently as 2002, having participated in U.N. peace-keeping forces from 1990. But its neutrality is coming under question. Though not a member of NATO, Switzerland has a longstanding partnership with it. Bilateral cooperation began when Switzerland joined the Partnership for Peace (PfP) programme in 1996 and became a member of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) in 1997.This involves bilateral military cooperation and sharing of information and experiences. In 2024 Switzerland announced that it wants to achieve “closer, institutionalised cooperation” with NATO.ANDREW 7: Not everyone would look favourably on an isolationist approach. How does active neutrality work and who practices it?BEVAN 7: Austria, Mongolia and Costa Rica are examples of active engaged neutrality, with Costa Rica being a special case as one of only two countries to have abolished its military forces.Austria practises non-aligned engaged neutrality. Austria has its own self-defence force but does not host foreign military forces or bases but and does not participate in foreign wars or military alliances. Its parliament adopted the neutrality law which has become part of its constitution. It hosts international meetings. It has banned nuclear weapons and played a part in Central Europe becoming nuclear free. A nation which adopts a policy of neutrality can avoid entanglement in great power wars and have the credibility to act as a buffer state, promote peace keeping, host meetings between belligerents and act as a mediator.ANDREW 8: The Austrian approach could be applicable to Australia because it shows how we could play a constructive role in our region and beyond in the promotion of peaceful conflict resolution. What is preventing Australia adopting a foreign policy based on neutrality, in line with the expressed wishes of the majority of Australians?BEVAN 8: The basic problem is that Australia’s political leadership has been totally captured by the U.S. and slavishly follows U.S. foreign policy through the ANZUS Alliance and more recently the AUKUS war pact between the U.K., the U.S. and Australia. Internally, this subservience to the U.S. is expressed through the wholesale sellout of sovereignty resulting from the Force Posture Agreement signed by the U.S. and Australian governments in 2014. The F.P.A guarantees the United States a military posture in Australia. It gives the United States military unimpeded access to our airports, seaports, military bases and other areas. This includes porting of their nuclear submarines at HMAS Stirling in WA and basing of their nuclear-capable B52 bombers at RAAF Tindal in the NT. It facilitates the stationing in Darwin of 2,500 or more U.S. marines each year and the staging of military exercises with the ADF in preparation for war against China. The U.S. military also has a regional command centre in Darwin as well as storage depots for fuel, munitions and spare parts at Darwin, RAAF Tindal and the Bandiana Army base in Victoria, for its exclusive use.ANDREW 9: Then there’s the Pine Gap spy station near Alice Springs, which feeds the U.S. military strategic information from its satellite surveillance of the earth’s surface and its capture and analysis of radio communications including that from mobile phones. Professor Richard Tanter, an expert on the expanded role of Pine Gap, recently stated that the strategic information which Pine Gap supplies to the U.S. is passed on to the Israeli military for use in its war of genocide against the people of Gaza.BEVAN 9: Clearly neutrality is not an option until our continent is cleared of foreign military installations. This is the message to the Australian people. Only a massive, broad-based united people’s campaign to break free from the death-grip of the U.S. military alliance can create the conditions for the adoption of non-nuclear armed neutrality, the only policy which can make us safe, keep us out of foreign wars and steer us away from the headlong rush to the catastrophe we are presently on.ANDREW 10: That brings us to the end of today’s program.As usual, we welcome listeners’ comments and suggestions, which can be emailed to peacecentre@cicd.org.au, that is peacecentre@cicd.org.au. Good morning and thanks for listening.…
This show contains excerpts from speeches and music which were part of the International Solidarity May Day event which was held on Thursday 2nd May, 2024 at Trades Hall.Featuring performances from:Advanced League of People's Artists (ALPA). (facebook)Victorian Trade Union Choir (website)
In today’s CICD Alternative News, Bevan Ramsden and Andrew Fullerton from IPAN will examine the Albanese ALP Government’s policy of enmeshing us even more tightly in the US war machine, a policy which, in the event of a US war on China, will place us in grave danger of retaliatory strikes and is proceeding despite the fact that Australia faces no military threat. They also will look at the AUSMIN 2023 talks which took place a few weeks ago between Australia’s Defence Minister Richard Marles, Foreign Affairs Minister Penny Wong and their US counterparts, Secretary of State Anthony Blinken and Defence Secretary Lloyd Austin.…
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Alternative News
A. Fullerton and B. Ramsden (IPAN) "seek to counter the misinformation and war mongering hysteria emanating from the corporate media and certain politicians in which China is portrayed as a military threat, and which seeks to build public support for a war to weaken China economically, and maintain US economic and military dominance in the region and worldwide."The show contains a history of the China-Taiwan situation since the end of WW2. The show covers USA's and Australia's policy and some context."The Australian Government does not recognize the ROC [Republic of China, i.e. Taiwan] as a sovereign state, and does not regard the authorities in Taiwan as having the status of a national government. Dealings between Australia and Taiwan therefore, take place unofficially. [...] Despite this, successive governments have supported the US policy of containing and confronting China in the South China Sea and elsewhere."…
The QUAD summit scheduled in Sydney on 24 May was cancelled due to the last minute announcement that US president Biden will not be attending. AUKUS: The Australian Anti-AUKUS Coalition calls on the Australian government to withdraw from any future Quad meetings and will oppose any future meetings of the QUAD in Australia.Labour, Greens & Defence Experts have published and open letter calling for an AUKUS Parliamentary Inquiry.The White house responded to the threat of imminent defeat of UKRAINE.Stella Assange addressed the National Press Club in Canberra.…
Margaret Williamson speaks about America’s military domination and issues with our sovereignty and the cost of the AUKUS nuclear submarine program.The American government is taking us to war with China. The danger of going to war with China is enormous.Margaret spoke about “we the people need to unite and stop this madness.”…
Margaret Williamson speaks about America’s military domination and issues with our sovereignty and the cost of the AUKUS nuclear submarine program.The American government is taking us to war with China. The danger of going to war with China is enormous.Margaret says “we the people need to unite and stop this madness.”…
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Alternative News
Chauvinistic Western media attacks on China.Figures on Chinese economy 2020-2021 and Q1 2022.Israeli military murders journalist Shireen Abu Akleh.Nakba Day brief history and comment."Nakba is not a static event but rather an ongoing reality for Palestinians."
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Alternative News
1 Comments on upcoming Australian Federal Election, Philippines Election, Solomon Islands and Ukraine.
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Alternative News
Independent and Peaceful Australia Network (IPAN - https://ipan.org.au) members Andrew Fullerton and Bevan Ramsden discuss climate change impacts and their similarities to the aftermath of wars as well as military spending in Australia
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Alternative News
1 John Speight on arms sellers and "need to re-arm", US-Australia military spending, AUKUS, nuclear submarines
John Speight speaks about link between arms sellers and "need to re-arm", USA-Australia military spending, aukus, nuclear submarines.
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Armenia and Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh ConflictBroadcast 2020 10 11 Intro [presenter signs on] Today we're going to be talking about the most recent flare-up in the ethnically Armenian region of Nagorno-Karabakh. This is a de facto independent region within the borders of Azerbaijan. Large-scale military hostilities began on the 27th of September and continues with mounting civilian and military casualties and huge dangers of escalation loom.History of the countries involved The histories of these two countries are long and complicated. For the purposes of this show it is important to note that over the last few centuries or so they have been part of the Persian, Ottoman and Russian Empires.The formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in 1922 begins the creation of the modern states of both Armenia and Azerbaijan (as SSRs of the USSR by 1936), more or less.The region in question, Nagorno-Karabakh is situated inside Azerbaijan. Amidst some murky machinations I won't pretend to understand, the region was designated an Autonomous oblast, possibly because of its majority armenian population, but this demographic make-up is contested by some historians. Historian Robert Service and some others are happy to blame Stalin for everything and call it a day. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 both countries emerged with their current borders, Azerbaijan has an exclave which no one seems to be worried about, and Armenia supports the ethnically Armenian enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh and some bordering regions, the territories of the Republic of Artsakh. This area is de jure part of Azerbaijan. Its independence is not recognised internationally.Guerilla fighting over this region began in 1988, and escalated as the USSR dissolved. Moving on,A look at the economies of the countriesArmeniaEnergy mostly comes from Russia - gas, nuclear.Domestic production of hydroelectricity.30% exports from minerals - gold, copper, molybdenum (used in some steels and other alloys)top exports of Armenia are Copper Ore ($693M), Gold($344M), Rolled Tobacco ($266M), Ferroalloys ($196M), and Hard Liquor ($195M). top imports of Armenia are Petroleum Gas($340M), Refined Petroleum ($227M), Diamonds ($175M), Cars($174M), and Broadcasting Equipment ($140M)Nuclear power plant. Azerbaijan Energy independent. Produces a huge amount of oil and gas.top exports of Azerbaijan are Crude Petroleum ($16.1B), Petroleum Gas ($1.52B), Refined Petroleum ($524M), Tomatoes($177M), and Gold ($151M).top imports of Azerbaijan are Gold($1.29B), Cars ($437M), Iron Pipes ($388M), Petroleum Gas ($313M), and Gas Turbines ($282M).Pipelines from Azerbaijan through Georgia and into Turkey.Huge oil and gas reserves offshore. 13 energy companies have signed deals with the state energy company to explore and exploit these resources. The Republic of Artsakh carries out some mining of copper and gold but largely depends on the Armenian diaspora and Armenia government for funds. There seems to be some potential for a tourism market, serving mostly Armenian wants but war is no good for tourism. History of the dispute As noted earlier, the modern borders of this region have been imposed on historic areas which were part of larger empires and kingdoms.Inter-ethnic tensions have been present for a long time. In the 20th Century conflict arose as the Ottoman Empire started to hit the rocks. There was the Armenian Genocide by the Ottoman Empire from 1914-1923. The widespread Armenian diaspora is a result of this genocide. Ethnic cleansing never acknowledged by Turkey.1923: Nagorno-Karabakh, in Azeri SSR territory assigned to Armenia SSR due to majority Armenian population and other alleged political considerations.Under the USSR tensions were present but seemed to be under some kind of control.From 1988-1994 guerilla warfare turns into open warfare as USSR dissolves. Inter-ethnic violence is a feature of this conflict. Several pogroms are in the record, notably Sumgay'it in 1988, Baku pogrom in 1990, these targeting Armenia populations in the east of Azerbaijan.Inside Nagorno-Karabakh itself in 1992 Azeris were massacred in the Khojaly [(g)ho-jaly] pogrom.From 1994 this issue was largely shelved as a "Frozen conflict" and ignored by what passes for the "international community."Current status of dispute In 2016 a flare up in the conflict killed 200. Shooting in July 2020 killed at least 16.Early in the morning of 27th of Sept, depending on whose side you believe, one sides army began firing on the other. This quickly escalated, heavy weapons - tanks, conventional aircraft and drones - are being used, civilian casualties.Predictably, the Azeris blame the Armenians and vice versa. As the Armenians are benefitting from the status quo - that is, the Republic of Arstakh continues to exist inside the borders of another country.There is not time to go through the ins and outs and the daily occurrences of the conflict, although I understand that this is a current niche hobby of people on the internet. This presenter does not possess the overarching military knowledge to draw out the complexities of this conflict into a cohesive whole. For that, I apologise. Suffice it to say that the situation is very fluid, there already is about a million Azeris displaced in their own country by Nagorno-Karabakh. As of Thursday about 75,000 ethnic Armenians have been displaced by the conflict.Continued fighting will only produce more refugees and more bodies. This must stop.International significance Currently Russia is doing what it can to not get directly involved in this conflict. The stakes are very high. Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova issued a diplomatic warning: “The downing of an Armenian SU-25 by a Turkish F-16, as claimed by the Ministry of Defense in Armenia, seems to complicate the situation, as Moscow, based on the Tashkent treaty, is obligated to offer military assistance to Armenia”.This is a serious warning because if this would be grounds for Russia to invoke the Collective Security Treaty and, under the terms of the alliance then Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan & Tajikistan would get involved in the conflict, in addition to the current players. This will provide impetus for Turkey and NATO to get more involved, more mercenaries will be employed, Iran will be dragged in and this could be the basis for World War Three.International involvement Turkey is openly supporting the conflict, deploying drones and aircraft and reportedly recruiting jihadis from the Syrian conflict to fight in Azerbaijan. Now, these jihadis are from a pool of Sunni extremists who have been fighting in Idlib against the Syrian government. These anti-government militias have been offered 3- or 6-month contracts at 7k-10k Turkish lira per month ($1250 - 1800 aud/mo). Mercenaries offered jobkeeper money to defend oil and gas facilities in Azerbaijan. I thought these people were meant to be fighting for a Free Syria? Guess I was mistaken…Please note that Turkish media is calling these reports "fake news". Russia is supplying Armenia with weapons. Iran is facilitating this supply. (Russia cannot resupply Armenia directly since there is no land border so they'll be using the Iranian border as an access point.) Israel is selling a lot of weapons to Azerbaijan. Russia sells weapons to both sides but only has a military alliance with Armenia. Turkey's involvement is NOT HELPING peace efforts. they should be encouraging negotiations rather than escalating the problem.Call for deescalation and peace De-escalation:Immediate ceasefire - don't assigning blame: ceasefireEngagement in peace talks (Minsk group, set up in 1992 by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe)years of negotiation without resulthelp azerbaijan & armenia to resolve this issue and live in peaceErdogan: “Given that the USA, Russia and France have neglected this problem for nearly 30 years, it is unacceptable that they are involved in a search for a ceasefire,” Now, this statement is telling - it shows us that Turkey is sceptical that there can be a ceasefire negotiated by the Minsk group. This is fair enough in the 'scales of justice sense' but is unacceptable considering the risk of further escalation and the increasing body count.UNSC?problematic because the UN has passed four resolutions calling for the withdrawal of Armenian forces from Nagorno-Karabakh.but we should not get distracted: what is needed, and needed right now is immediate ceasefire. Before blame is ascertained, before this or that report is confirmed or disproved the fighting needs to stop.Turkish involvement must stop (drones, F-16 attacks on civilian areas)welcome the news that Canada has stop drone salesJihadi mercenaries must not be used - we've seen what happens (Syria), there have been many reports of recruitment by Turkey of Jihadis from Syria. Although Israel to stop selling weapons to Azerbaijanwe condemn reports of the use of cluster bombs.Russian arms supplies to Armenia must stop.In short, all parties who are enabling the continuation of this conflict must cease these activities and put their energies to a ceasefire followed by peace negotiations. Enduring Peace:Is there a possibility of ending conflict "once and for all"? this could happen if the Republic of Artsakh agrees to dissolve.it is clear that international law does not support its existenceit is correct that the Armenian ethnic majority have been in the region for millenia.the issue here is that both sides are correct.First, though, both sides have to come to the negotiating table in good faith and for real peace. [Presenter signs off]…
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