What does it take to build lasting peace — and secure it? What kind of security guarantees can truly deter renewed aggression? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Dr. Paul R. Williams is joined by Lesia Ogryzko, Director of the Sahaidachnyi Security Center, and Julian Braithwaite, former UK Ambassador to the UN and WTO, to unpack what a post-war security framework for Ukraine could and should look like. Together, they explore how to negotiate credible security commitments that reflect the lessons of past failures — while embracing future-oriented strategies for deterrence, resilience, and international coordination. From the role of the EU, US, and NATO, to the engagement of global players like China, India, and Brazil, the conversation examines how a pluralistic, robust security architecture can emerge from peace talks. The episode also confronts hard realities, including Russia’s continued threats and the challenges of military demilitarization demands. 🎧 Tune in for an expert dialogue on peace, power, and post-war security strategy.…

What does it take to create an international reparations mechanism? How can individuals and institutions contribute to a future justice process—one claim at a time? In this latest episode of Lawyering Peace , Markiyan Kliuchkovskyi, Executive Director of the Register of Damage for Ukraine, joins Dr. Paul R. Williams to discuss one of the most innovative legal accountability efforts emerging from Russia’s war of aggression. The Register of Damage is the first formal step in a broader reparations mechanism, designed to collect and record claims for loss, injury, and damage caused by Russia’s full-scale invasion. Though not a tribunal or fund itself, the Register lays the legal and evidentiary foundation for future restitution—whether through confiscated Russian assets or other funding structures. Kliuchkovskyi explains how this unique mechanism navigates international legal constraints, anticipates huge numbers of claims, and gives Ukrainians a chance to document the losses they have experienced as a consequence of Russia's war. The conversation explores financing options, political momentum, and how the Register’s growing legitimacy helps to ensure that reparations remain a pillar of any future peace. 🎧 Tune in for a timely discussion on law, justice, and the architecture of accountability after war.…

What are the legal and political pathways for using frozen Russian assets to compensate Ukraine? And why has the transfer of these assets become a litmus test for the rules-based international order? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Ukrainian diplomat and legal expert Mykola Yurlov joins Dr. Paul R. Williams to discuss how frozen Russian sovereign assets could - and should - be used to support Ukraine’s reconstruction and deliver justice for victims of aggression. Mykola held the position of Deputy Director of the Department of International Law and Cooperation at the Ministry of Justice, where he led both the International Disputes Unit and the Damage Compensation Unit. In these roles, he contributed to the development of an international compensation mechanism and to Ukraine’s proposal for a special tribunal for the crime of aggression. He also served as Senior Legal Counsel at Truth Hounds, a leading Ukrainian human rights organization documenting war crimes on the ground. Mykola breaks down the legal foundation for asset transfers under international law, including the use of countermeasures and the principle of state responsibility. He outlines how these transfers would support the three-part international compensation mechanism: the Register of Damage, a future Claims Commission, and a Compensation Fund. The conversation explores both the legal feasibility and the political resistance surrounding asset transfers, especially debates over sovereign immunity, reversibility, and potential financial precedent. Mykola explains why delay harms not only Ukraine, but the broader credibility of international law. 🎧 Tune in for a timely discussion on law, reparations, political will, and the global implications of frozen asset policy.…

What does international law owe to Ukraine´s deported children? Why is Russia’s forced transfer of Ukrainian children a defining issue for global justice? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Ukrainian international legal experts Dr. Yulia Ioffe and Dr. Kateryna Rashevska join Dr. Paul R. Williams to discuss the illegal deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia and Russian-occupied territories—a policy many argue constitutes genocide. They examine the strategic, ideologically motivated nature of the deportations: re-education, forced adoptions, name changes, and the erasure of Ukrainian identity. The conversation highlights how this tactic not only breaks international law but also threatens the integrity of the rules-based international order. Drawing on their legal and advocacy experience, Ioffe and Rashevska reflect on the limits of current enforcement tools, the urgent need for repatriation and reintegration, and how the international community must close accountability gaps. They also explain how the legal response to these crimes could shape the future of child protection in armed conflict more broadly. 🎧 Tune in for a timely discussion on genocide, international law, and the moral and legal imperative to return Ukraine’s children.…

What does it take to negotiate peace when your opponent uses diplomacy as a tool for delay and manipulation? What lessons can we draw from the Minsk process to design a more durable peace in the future? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Ukrainian lawyer and mediator Yuna Potomkina joins Dr. Paul R. Williams to reflect on the shortcomings of past negotiations and the essential principles for shaping future peace talks between Ukraine and Russia. Drawing from her experience as Adviser to the First Deputy Head of Ukraine’s negotiation delegation at the Trilateral Contact Group in Minsk (2020–2022), Potomkina explains why peace agreements without enforceable guarantees fall short—and why justice cannot be sidelined. She unpacks the risks of rushed or externally driven negotiations, and makes a compelling case for Ukrainian-led, legally sound, and strategically aligned peace efforts. The conversation highlights how mediators must navigate asymmetry, protect Ukraine’s red lines, and ensure accountability is non-negotiable. 🎧 Tune in for a powerful discussion on justice, strategy, and designing a peace process that can stand the test of time.…

What do negotiations look like when one party to peace talks never intended to negotiate in good faith? What can we learn from peace talks that didn’t lead to peace? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , former Danish diplomat Ivan M. Nielsen joins Dr. Paul R. Williams to reflect on his role as Denmark’s Special Envoy to the Syrian Opposition during the UN-backed Geneva peace talks. Nielsen offers an insider's view of the Geneva process, describing how the Assad regime went through the motions of negotiation while continuing attacks on civilians—with Russia’s backing. He discusses the complex dynamics of engaging with a fragmented opposition, the structural challenges posed by the UN framework, and the difficulty of maintaining a meaningful diplomatic process under asymmetrical conditions. Drawing on his experience in Syria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and South Africa, Nielsen shares core lessons that are important for both Syria and other post-conflict states. Nielson offers us a cautious but enduring message of optimism about Syria’s long road ahead. 🎧 Tune in for an insightful and thoughtful discussion on diplomacy, accountability, and the struggle for peace in Syria.…

Why does the crime of aggression matter for Ukraine and international peace? How can a Special Tribunal hold Russian leaders accountable? In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Ukrainian international lawyer Dr. Gaiane Nuridzhanian joins the conversation to explain the case for a Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine. Dr. Nuridzhanian walks us through the evolution of the debate surrounding the crime of aggression, and presents a treaty-based tribunal—supported by Ukraine and the Council of Europe—as a legally sound, politically feasible alternative. The conversation explores legal and strategic questions around the establishment of such a tribunal, from head-of-state immunity and trials in absentia to the inclusion of victims and its implications for future peace negotiations. In a moment when the rules-based international legal order is under threat, our conversation with Dr. Nuridzhanian reminds us why prosecuting Russia’s war of aggression is critical not just for Ukraine, but for global accountability and future conflict prevention. Tune in for a timely discussion on justice, accountability, and international legal innovation. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

How is Ukraine reforming its judiciary while defending itself from Russian aggression? What role does judicial reform play in Ukraine’s pursuit of EU membership and democratic transformation? In this episode, Prof. Tetyana Antsupova joins Dr. Paul R. Williams on the Lawyering Peace podcast. Prof. Antsupova—former Supreme Court judge of Ukraine and British Academy Research Fellow—shares personal and professional reflections on the sweeping judicial reforms unfolding in Ukraine since 2014. This episode examines how Ukraine is rebuilding judicial institutions in line with EU standards, balancing wartime pressures with long-term goals. Prof. Antsupova highlights the role of international experts, civil society, and European partners in building trust, advancing independence, and fostering resilience within the judiciary. She also reflects on lessons from other EU states, the unique challenges of judicial reform during active conflict, and the urgent need for long-term strategic planning and public confidence in the rule of law. This conversation demonstrates how Ukraine’s judiciary stands as a testament to resilience and reform in the face of aggression. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

Is the system of international law today capable of effectively achieving justice and accountability for Ukraine? How can accountability be made central to a future peace process—and not sacrificed for short-term political gain? In the latest episode of the Lawyering Peace podcast, Oleksandra Matviichuk, Nobel Peace Laureate and Head of the Center for Civil Liberties, joins Dr. Paul R. Williams to discuss the pursuit of justice and accountability for atrocity crimes committed during Russia’s war of aggression. Matviichuk outlines a comprehensive vision of justice—from prosecution and reparations to public truth-telling and recognition—and highlights the need for a Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression. She warns against the sidelining of justice in peace negotiations, and calls for reform of the global legal order to adequately address impunity for international crimes. At the heart of her message is a powerful reminder: even when institutions falter, people have the power to shape history. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

How has Russia used conflict-related sexual violence as a tool in its war of aggression? What does meaningful justice for survivors of Russia’s conflict-related sexual violence look like? In this episode, Dr. Kateryna Busol joins Dr. Paul R. Williams on the Lawyering Peace podcast. Dr. Busol explores the widespread and systematic use of conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) by Russian forces in Ukraine. Dr. Busol explores how societal norms and toxic gender hierarchies in Russia fuel the use of CRSV as a weapon of Russian aggression, and the impact on both survivors and Ukrainian society at large. She thoughtfully explains the challenges that survivors face in seeking justice, and the ways in which female victims have spearheaded the effort to advocate for male survivors of CRSV. Dr. Busol stresses the need for survivor-centered, gender-sensitive approaches to accountability, emphasizing that reparations should include not just financial compensation but also rehabilitation, symbolic recognition, and guarantees of non-repetition. This discussion underscores the intersection of CRSV with broader peace and justice issues, highlighting the importance of a meaningful and holistic justice process. Dr. Busol reminds us that addressing such violence is key to achieving a sustainable, survivor-centered peace. The conversation demonstrates the need to pursue a meaningful and holistic justice process for survivors of CRSV. Dr. Busol underscores the ways in which conflict-related sexual violence intersects with broader issues of peace and justice, demonstrating that addressing such violence is essential for a sustainable and survivor-centered peace. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

How can Ukraine protect its territorial integrity in peace negotiations? What role does the international community play in ensuring that no territory is lost? In this episode, Ambassador Elayne Whyte Gómez of Costa Rica and member of PILPG’s Circle of Former Ambassadors, and Professor Kushtrim Istrefi of Utrecht University and PILPG Senior Peace Fellow, join the conversation. Ambassador Gómez and Professor Istrefi explore questions relating to Ukraine’s territorial integrity and the central importance of maintaining its rightful territorial claims during peace negotiations. Negotiations to end Russia’s war have gained momentum in recent weeks. However, the question of Ukraine’s occupied territories and their future status remains a key concern for Ukraine and its allies as they consider what a future peace agreement may look like. Russia continues to deny the validity of Ukraine’s rightful claim to its internationally recognized borders as of 1991, and seeks to portray its war of aggression as . However, as our guests demonstrate, Ukraine’s claim is firmly rooted in international law. Our experts discuss the risks of unresolved territorial disputes, the role of international law, and outline practical tools at Ukraine and its allies’ disposal to maintain Ukraine’s territorial claim during peace negotiations, including international administration and non-recognition strategies. In a war which Russia consistently claims is based on self-defense and self-determination, our guests remind us that it is crucial to keep focus on the reality of Russia’s invasion as a war of aggression against the territorial sovereignty of Ukraine. Tune in for a compelling discussion on how Ukraine can push back against historical distortions, build alliances, and secure its future. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

In this episode of Lawyering Peace , we are joined by Mykola Stetsenko, President of the Ukrainian Bar Association, who speaks about the pivotal role of private sector investment in Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction. The conversation explores key industries primed for growth—agriculture, manufacturing, IT, energy, and logistics—as well as investment mechanisms such as public-private partnerships and industrial parks. Stetsenko explains how Ukraine’s natural resource ownership model simplifies foreign investment, the government’s push to modernize industries rather than merely rebuild, and efforts to align with EU regulations. He also addresses common misconceptions about investing in Ukraine, the challenge of balancing economic development with environmental sustainability, and the policies designed to attract foreign investors by streamlining bureaucracy and fostering innovation. With major multinationals already operating in the country and digital transformation reducing red tape, Ukraine presents compelling opportunities for forward-thinking investors. Tune in to discover how businesses can play a vital role in post-war recovery while seizing high-impact investment opportunities. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine , we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

Our second guest in our Series on Prospects for Peace in Ukraine is Dr. Ivan Horodyskyy, Vice-President of the Ukrainian Bar Association and Director and Cofounder of the Dnistrianskyi Centre for Law and Politics, where he manages projects related to compensation for Ukrainians for damages caused by Russian aggression. Since Russia’s 2022 full-scale invasion, Ukraine and its allies have called for Russia to bear responsibility for its illegal acts, including making reparation, to widespread international support. In this episode, we discuss the question of reparations for Russia’s extensive war damage in Ukraine, as well as the closely related issues of frozen Russian assets and postwar reconstruction. Significant challenges lie ahead in negotiating reparations for Ukraine: what might a compensation mechanism look like, how should reparations be funded, what role should Russia’s frozen assets play, and how can Russia be made to pay? With Ivan, we explore these questions and more and consider the challenges and strategies for the future negotiation of reparations for Ukraine. -------------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine, we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

Tune in for insights from Professor David Crane, Founding Chief Prosecutor of the UN Special Court for Sierra Leone. This episode discusses David’s recent blog post with PILPG, in which he explores a potential ceasefire model for Ukraine, inspired by the successful Multinational Force and Observers established for the Sinai Peninsula. The conversation also covers the rise of power-centric diplomacy, the future role of the UN, and the strategic considerations for Ukraine and its allies in an increasingly uncertain international order. ----------------------- Ukraine and its allies stand at a critical juncture as they pursue a just and lasting peace and an end to Russia’s war of aggression. The road ahead is fraught with difficult issues that will arise during a future peace process, from territorial integrity and post-war security frameworks to EU accession and justice and accountability. In this special mini-series, Prospects for Peace In Ukraine, we sit down with Ukrainian and international experts in law, diplomacy, and peace negotiations to explore some of these key issues. Together, we examine the strategies, options, and opportunities ahead as Ukraine and its allies navigate the peace process against a shifting international landscape.…

Ambassador Yvette Stevens, Sierra Leone's first female engineer, reflects on her groundbreaking diplomatic career at the United Nations and her nation’s tumultuous journey to peace during and after the civil war (1991–2002). In this compelling episode, she delves into the complex dynamics of the Sierra Leone Civil War, the controversial Lomé Peace Accord, and the innovative Special Court for Sierra Leone. Ambassador Stevens shares her perspective on the delicate balance between peace and justice, revealing how the Special Court for Sierra Leone was established despite the Lomé Agreement’s amnesty provision. While Sierra Leonean citizens initially may have wished that more international resources were put towards reconstructing the country rather than to pursuing justice, the Special Court proved groundbreaking, achieving several firsts in international law, including: Prosecution of child soldier recruitment. Conviction of forced marriage as a crime against humanity. Prosecutions for attacks on UN workers. The first trial and conviction of a former head of state since Nuremberg. Gain unique insights into Sierra Leone’s path to peace, the importance of gender-inclusive negotiations, and the enduring power of human rights as a cornerstone for lasting stability in this episode.…

In this episode, Justice Richard Goldstone recounts his remarkable journey from working within the South African justice system to dismantle apartheid to serving as the first Chief Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and Rwanda (ICTR). He delves into the challenges of pursuing justice amid political resistance, from using judicial discretion to challenge oppressive laws and expose state-sponsored violence, to navigating the complexities of UN bureaucracy and funding constraints. Goldstone reflects on the groundbreaking impact of the ICTY on international law, including advancements in prosecuting gender-based crimes, and the enduring tension between peace and justice. His insights underscore the critical connection between justice, accountability, and sustainable peace.…

In this episode, Hind Kabawat shares her recent experiences returning to Damascus after 14 years, reflecting on a nation scarred by war yet brimming with hope. Hind, a key figure in Syrian peace negotiations and a staunch advocate for women's inclusion, discusses the vital role women play in shaping Syria's future. From leading educational initiatives in refugee camps to advocating for transitional justice, Syrian women are rewriting their narrative as changemakers, not bystanders. Hind delves into the challenges and opportunities of a future Syrian National Dialogue, highlighting the importance of gender equality, trust-building, and inclusive representation to ensure a sustainable peace. She emphasizes that women must be at the forefront—crafting policy, driving justice, and fostering dialogue—so Syria can achieve lasting stability. Tune in to hear Hind's powerful insights on how Syrian women are leading the charge for justice, reconstruction, and a brighter future, proving that resilience and hope are unyielding forces in the face of adversity. This episode is part of our Post-Assad Syria mini-series, where we speak with experts deeply involved in Syria’s peace processes. Together, we’ll reflect on lessons learned, explore the nation’s crossroads, and discuss how to seize this moment of change for a brighter future. ------------------- Syria has entered a transformative moment. After over a decade of devastating civil war, the Assad regime has been overthrown, marking a seismic shift in the nation's trajectory. While this moment brings immense hope, it also presents profound challenges—rebuilding communities, addressing sectarian divides, and navigating the complexities of international dynamics. In our latest mini-series, the Lawyering Peace Podcast dives into this pivotal moment for Syria. Through in-depth conversations with experts deeply involved in Syria’s peace processes, we reflect on lessons learned, explore the nation’s crossroads, and discuss what it takes to turn this moment of change into a foundation for lasting peace.…

In this episode of the Lawyering Peace podcast’s Post-Assad Syria Mini-Series, Syrian intellectual and activist Ammar Abdulhamid offers an in-depth analysis of Syria’s transitional moment and the challenges ahead. Drawing on decades of advocacy for democratic reform and his experience briefing world leaders, Ammar discusses the current sentiment on the ground, the promise of a resurgent civil society, and the critical role of governance. He highlights the importance of fostering inclusivity amidst Syria's rich religious and cultural diversity, the necessity for international partners to listen to local voices, and the delicate balancing act facing new leadership. Ammar also outlines the opportunities for the U.S. and its allies to support this transition and examines the lessons Syria can draw from past Arab Spring movements. Tune in for a nuanced perspective on Syria’s complex political and societal dynamics, the role of civil society, and the international community’s path to meaningful engagement. -------------------- Syria has entered a transformative moment. After over a decade of devastating civil war, the Assad regime has been overthrown, marking a seismic shift in the nation's trajectory. While this moment brings immense hope, it also presents profound challenges—rebuilding communities, addressing sectarian divides, and navigating the complexities of international dynamics. In our latest mini-series, the Lawyering Peace Podcast dives into this pivotal moment for Syria. Through in-depth conversations with experts deeply involved in Syria’s peace processes, we reflect on lessons learned, explore the nation’s crossroads, and discuss what it takes to turn this moment of change into a foundation for lasting peace.…

In this episode of our Lawyering Peace Podcast Post-Assad Syria Mini Series, we sit down with Betsy Popken, Chief Legal Advisor to the Syrian Opposition during the Geneva Peace Talks. Betsy shares her unique insights into the challenges and opportunities facing Syria in the wake of the Assad regime, exploring the groundwork laid for transitional justice, governance, and reconciliation. As Syria grapples with economic hardship, damaged infrastructure, and the formation of an interim government, Betsy evaluates the role of Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) in shaping a more inclusive future. While HTS has made promises about incorporating diverse voices—including Alawites, Druze, and women—Betsy emphasizes the need for tangible action to match rhetoric. From the potential of a national dialogue to create a new constitution to the role of civil society organizations in fostering reconciliation, Betsy discusses how Syrians can build a democracy rooted in collaboration and shared goals. She also cautions against replicating the missteps of past Arab Spring transitions and underscores the importance of learning from those experiences. Join us for a compelling conversation about the hopes, challenges, and critical decisions shaping Syria’s transition, as well as the lessons the international community and Syrians themselves can draw on to create a more inclusive and just future. -------------------------- Syria has entered a transformative moment. After over a decade of devastating civil war, the Assad regime has been overthrown, marking a seismic shift in the nation's trajectory. While this moment brings immense hope, it also presents profound challenges—rebuilding communities, addressing sectarian divides, and navigating the complexities of international dynamics. In our latest mini-series, the Lawyering Peace Podcast dives into this pivotal moment for Syria. Through in-depth conversations with experts deeply involved in Syria’s peace processes, we reflect on lessons learned, explore the nation’s crossroads, and discuss what it takes to turn this moment of change into a foundation for lasting peace.…

In this episode of Lawyering Peace , Berhanemeskel Nega, a seasoned diplomat with over 35 years of experience in multilateral diplomacy, mediation, and peacekeeping, takes us inside the challenges and lessons learned from the UN-AU hybrid peacekeeping mission in Darfur (UNAMID), where he served as Director of Political Affairs and Head of Office in Darfur from 2014 to 2020. Drawing on his leadership roles in multiple UN missions, including as acting head of the UN integrated peacebuilding operation in Sierra Leone, Nega reflects on the complex political, humanitarian, and security context of Darfur during UNAMID’s tenure (2007–2020). He discusses navigating a resistant Sudanese government under Omar al-Bashir, the challenges of implementing the UN’s mandate, and the vital role peacekeepers play in protecting civilians in the world’s most volatile regions. Nega critiques structural inefficiencies within the United Nations and highlights the inadequate legal protections for peacekeepers under international law, which left those charged with safeguarding civilians vulnerable to becoming targets themselves. Through his deep knowledge of peacekeeping in Darfur and Sierra Leone, Nega emphasizes the importance of addressing the root causes of conflict, rather than relying on superficial peace efforts, and examines the evolving role of the international community in building sustainable peace.…

In this insightful episode in our Mini Series on Post-Assad Syria, we welcome Ivan M. Nielsen, a seasoned Danish diplomat and former special representative for the Syria crisis. Drawing on his extensive experience in conflict resolution, human rights, and constitution building, Ivan reflects on lessons from the Geneva peace talks and shares his assessment of Syria’s evolving governance landscape. From the Assad regime’s divisive tactics to the challenges of engaging with Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) under its current terrorism designation, Ivan explores the critical tracks that must be advanced in parallel for a successful Syrian transition: security, service delivery (including education, electricity, healthcare, transportation, and infrastructure), and civic space (politics, governance, and civil society). He underscores the importance of the international community listening to Syrians to understand their needs, avoiding the imposition of rushed timelines for essential governmental transitions, and ensuring external support aligns with Syrian priorities rather than Western-driven agendas. Tune in for an engaging discussion on the road ahead for Syria, including the obstacles, opportunities, and how hope and unity are shaping the vision for a post-Assad future. ------------------- Syria has entered a transformative moment. After over a decade of devastating civil war, the Assad regime has been overthrown, marking a seismic shift in the nation's trajectory. While this moment brings immense hope, it also presents profound challenges—rebuilding communities, addressing sectarian divides, and navigating the complexities of international dynamics. In our latest mini-series, the Lawyering Peace Podcast dives into this pivotal moment for Syria. Through in-depth conversations with experts deeply involved in Syria’s peace processes, we reflect on lessons learned, explore the nation’s crossroads, and discuss what it takes to turn this moment of change into a foundation for lasting peace.…

Meet Edita Tahiri, Kosovo's former Deputy Prime Minister and chief negotiator. From leading peace talks during the Rambouillet negotiations to championing gender equality in the Balkans, Edita shares her inspiring story of resilience, diplomacy, and the pursuit of peace. Discover her insights into unifying delegations, advocating for independence, and addressing the ongoing challenges of unfinished peace with Serbia.…

In this episode, Ambassador Lou O’Neill unpacks Moldova’s ongoing struggles with frozen conflicts in Transnistria and Gagauzia, the far-reaching ramifications of Russian influence, and how the war in Ukraine has reshaped the region’s dynamics. Drawing from his tenure as OSCE Ambassador to Moldova (2006–2008), Lou provides critical insights into Moldova’s October 2024 EU accession and presidential election votes—controversial and closely contested, with EU accession winning by a narrow margin. Lou reflects on cultural dynamics, offering insights into how Moldova can leverage its EU aspirations to foster unity and progress. Discover how geopolitical strategies, diplomatic creativity, and evolving contexts could shape Moldova’s future in this pivotal episode. ----------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

In Part 2 of the conversation with Dr. Lilian Atanga and Henry Atem on the Southern Cameroon conflict, we dive into the 2022 Canada Peace Talks, where the Ambazonia delegation—comprising leaders from various separatist groups—worked to build internal cohesion and present a united front. Their efforts, along with those of the Canadian facilitators, were met with an abrupt withdrawal by the Cameroonian government after three meetings, followed by its denial of ever participating in the talks. Dr. Lilian Atanga and Henry Atem break down how the Canada process was structured and highlight the critical role of inclusivity in peace negotiations. They also reflect on how the pattern of the government’s actions in peace processes over the years underscore its reluctance to engage in genuine negotiations to settle the conflict. Tune in for a powerful conversation on this pivotal moment in the Southern Cameroon conflict, the lessons learned, and what lies ahead for the path to peace. --------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

In this episode of the Lawyering Peace podcast, we delve into the complex and ongoing conflict between Anglophone Southern Cameroon (Ambazonia) and the Francophone central government of Cameroon. Rooted in a history of colonization by different powers, the two regions developed distinct cultures. Over decades, this divide has been exacerbated by persistent systemic marginalization and discrimination against Southern Cameroonians. In 2016, these divisions escalated into an armed conflict involving numerous separatist groups and leaving civilians caught in the crossfire. Joining the discussion are two expert voices from the Board of Directors of the Coalition for Dialogue and Negotiation, a U.S.-based nonprofit dedicated to fostering dialogue and peacebuilding in Cameroon. Dr. Lilian Atanga and Henry Atem Oben provide critical insights into the series of failed peace processes leading up to the 2022 Canada Talks. These include the 2016 teachers' and lawyers' strike, the government’s reneged offer of federalism, the 2019 National Dialogue, and the 2020–2022 Geneva Initiative. Together, they highlight how these efforts reveal the Cameroonian government’s repeated missed opportunities to negotiate a peaceful resolution with Ambazonia. The episode delves into how the Ambazonia delegation, supported by the Coalition for Dialogue and Negotiation, prepared for the 2022 Canada Talks, and explores the delegation’s positions on key issues such as self-determination, disarmament, and accountability for atrocity crimes. Tune in for a deep dive into the history, challenges, and opportunities of this conflict. Stay tuned for Part 2, where we analyze the 2022 Canada Peace Talks and discuss what’s next for Ambazonia. -------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

In this compelling episode of Lawyering Peace , Ambassador Keith Harper, former U.S. Ambassador to the UN Human Rights Council, explores the intricate relationship between human rights and the establishment of durable peace. Drawing from his extensive experience in global diplomacy, Ambassador Harper discusses how the promotion and protection of human rights are essential pillars of lasting peace. He delves into the challenges of integrating human rights into peace negotiations, especially when accountability is at stake, offering real-world examples from South Sudan to Sri Lanka. Through an engaging conversation, Ambassador Harper addresses the role of the UN Human Rights Council and Commissions of Inquiry in influencing peace processes, and provides insights into how the international community can better incorporate human rights into peacebuilding efforts. Tune in for a deep dive into the critical, though often imperfect, work of intertwining human rights with peace. ---------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

In this powerful episode, we sit down with Hind Kabawat, Deputy Head of the Syrian Negotiation Commission Office in Geneva. Hind shares her insights from growing up in Damascus to becoming a key figure in the Geneva peace talks. Hind delves into the profound challenges faced during the Syrian conflict, from the brutal dictatorship to the devastating chemical attacks in Ghouta. She recounts the harrowing experiences of Syrian activists and civilians who have endured unimaginable suffering, and how the Arab Spring ignited a flame of hope among Syrians longing for change. As a lawyer and peacebuilder, Hind emphasizes the importance of women's involvement in peace negotiations. She discusses her pioneering efforts to create a women's consultation, overcoming opposition from male colleagues, and ultimately securing a 30% quota for women’s representation in the opposition delegation during the Syrian peace negotiations. Hind illustrates how these efforts brought together women from diverse backgrounds to push for justice, human rights, and the inclusion of their voices in shaping Syria’s future. Listeners will gain insight into some of the challenges faced by the Syrian opposition delegation, including the difficulty of negotiating with actors actively killing their families and friends. Hind also provides insights into the delegation’s strategic use of media, and the critical roles played by women as well as grassroots movements in sustaining dialogue and preparing for a future peace. Hind candidly shares her views on the international community’s role, the failures of the Geneva talks, and the persistent need for transitional justice in Syria. Hind’s story is a testament to the resilience and determination required to pursue peace in the face of adversity. Her message is clear: peace is not just about negotiations at the table; it’s about fostering a culture of dialogue, inclusion, and justice that transcends political will. This episode is a must-listen for anyone interested in the dynamics of peacebuilding, the power of women in conflict resolution, and the ongoing struggle for a peaceful future in Syria. -------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

In part two of our conversation with Robert Ford, former U.S. Ambassador to Syria, we delve into the turbulent years of 2011-2014, a period marked by the breakdown of dialogue, escalating conflict, and the Geneva Peace Talks. Key Topics Covered: The Role of Embassies: Ford emphasizes the importance of neutrality in diplomatic missions, highlighting how U.S. involvement often complicates matters. Dialogue Gone Wrong: The attempted dialogue between the Syrian government and protesters was abruptly derailed, leading to a full-blown conflict and a call for a ceasefire by the UN. The Geneva Peace Talks: Ford provides an insider’s view of the Geneva process, where the Syrian opposition and government were supposed to negotiate a transitional government. However, the talks quickly fell apart when Assad’s regime refused to discuss political transition, focusing only on security arrangements. Challenges of Negotiation: Ford discusses the difficulty of overcoming a “no” in negotiations, especially when one side has a military advantage. This lack of compromise led to the collapse of the peace talks. Lessons for Mediators: Drawing from his experiences, Ford offers practical advice on coalition-building and the pitfalls of making promises that can’t be kept—a mistake the U.S. made repeatedly, damaging its credibility. Tune in to this episode for a deep dive into the complexities of the Syrian crisis and the lessons that can be learned for future peace negotiations. ---------------- Host & Executive Producer: Dr. Paul R. Williams Co-Producer & Content Manager: Katie Hetherington Co-Producer & Creative Manager: Ryan Westlake…

This episode of Lawyering Peace features part one of a conversation with Ambassador Robert Ford, who led the political office in the U.S. Embassy in Iraq from 2004 - 2006, during a pivotal time in the country’s history. Charged with helping Iraq rebuild its government, Ford offers a candid reflection on the challenges and lessons learned from the 2005 Iraqi elections—an event that was as much about international diplomacy as it was about democracy. Key takeaways from the episode: UN-led Process: The 2005 Iraqi elections were spearheaded by the UN, but the U.S. played a significant role in ensuring security, highlighting the complexities of balancing international and local dynamics. Election Dynamics: The setup of the elections was influenced by various agendas, leading to unintended consequences, such as the Sunni boycott, which exacerbated existing political tensions. The Importance of Communication: Ford underscores the critical need for effective communication within and between different U.S. entities, such as the military and the embassy, to navigate the delicate post-conflict environment. Strategic Decisions: From promoting federalism to handling oil profits, Ford discusses the nuanced negotiations and strategic decisions that shaped Iraq’s transition from authoritarianism to democracy. Robert Ford's insights offer a profound understanding of how elections, when not complemented by broader political processes, can sometimes deepen divides rather than bridge them. Tune in to this episode for a deep dive into the realities of post-conflict elections and the lessons that can inform future peacebuilding efforts.…

In this episode of Lawyering Peace , we sit down with Ambassador Jorge Lomanco, a distinguished diplomat from Mexico who has served as an ambassador to both the United Nations Human Rights Council and the Organization of American States. As the chief negotiator of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, for which he and his team were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, Ambassador Lomanco brings a wealth of experience to the table. The conversation dives deep into the critical role human rights play in achieving durable peace. Ambassador Lomanco discusses the moral obligation to prioritize human rights at every level of peace negotiations, emphasizing that the protection of these rights is essential for durable peace. He provides insights into how human rights have been both pivotal and sidelined in various peace processes around the world, from transitions in Latin American states to South Africa's peace process. Ambassador Lomanco also tackles the challenges of centering human rights in peace negotiations, particularly when dealing with regimes that have committed widespread abuses. He explores the often difficult choices between offering amnesty to dictators and the need for accountability, sharing examples from Venezuela, Uruguay, Chile, Argentina, and beyond. Moreover, the episode sheds light on the role of the UN Human Rights Council in conflict situations, highlighting its responsibilities, tools, and the importance of remaining engaged to prevent the escalation of violence. Ambassador Lomanco shares his views on the impact of Commissions of Inquiry and the future intersection of peace and human rights, stressing the major impact of political will and international cooperation on the effectiveness of UN mechanisms. Amb. Lomanco reflects on the significant contributions of the UN and regional bodies like the Organization of American States (OAS) in shaping a world where human rights are increasingly protected, even amidst ongoing challenges. This episode offers a profound look at the complexities of integrating human rights into peace processes and the ongoing efforts needed to ensure lasting peace.…