최고 History Cafe 팟캐스트 (2024)

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#78 Remembrance Day - aren't we forgetting something? 20:45

5d ago20:45

20:45

At least 50% of deaths from war in the last three centuries were civilians. In 2001 the International Red Cross calculated that in modern warfare ten civilians die for every member of the military killed in battle. In the two World Wars the vast majority of soldiers were “civilians in uniform” – conscripts or volunteers. But do we officially rememb…

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#23 The Last Million Men - Ep 7 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 36:42

12d ago36:42

36:42

One day after Britain goes to war - ‘at sea’ - on 4 August 1914 the first War Council unceremoniously throws out the army’s secret plan to send a few divisions to meet the Germans head on and win quick, painless glory fighting alongside the French. Only then do the four men who had single-handedly thrown away the chance of avoiding a general Europe…

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#22 The Bullying of Edward Grey - Ep 6 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 30:22

19d ago30:22

30:22

A right-wing anti-German contingent call their campaign for war, the weekend of 31 July-2 August 1914 a ‘pogrom’. All talks of peace are, in their words, a German-Jewish plot to keep Britain out of the war for financial reasons. They have the support of the Conservative party, the British and French military, the politician in charge of the Royal N…

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#21 8pm 1 August 1914 the War is Off - Ep 5 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 33:53

26d ago33:53

33:53

8pm German time the Kaiser orders champagne, halts the German advance towards Belgium, and sends a telegram of congratulations to his cousin George V at Buckingham Palace. The Liberal British Cabinet had voted to remain neutral on 31 July. Earlier on 1 August Foreign Secretary Grey met the German ambassador Prince Lichnowsky (one of a string of mee…

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#20 Hanging on Russia's apron strings - Ep 4 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 22:59

1M ago22:59

22:59

In 1912 a deal between War Secretary Haldane and the German chancellor Bethmann-Holweg to allow Britain to retain naval supremacy if they both remained neutral (if neither side had started the war), was rudely sabotaged. It involved lying to Cabinet that the Germans were demanding a full-scale Anglo-German alliance, which they weren’t. It meant thr…

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#19 Bicycling holidays along the French-Belgian border - Ep 3 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 29:15

1M ago29:15

29:15

How did what friendly chats between British and French generals since 1905 turn into a commitment to send a small British Expeditionary Force to France at the start of a war with Germany? A commitment that had not been agreed by Cabinet, Parliament or the Navy? (R) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#18 Spies of the Kaiser - Ep 2 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 26:15

2M ago26:15

26:15

We look at anti-German hysteria in Britain 1906-1909. The British publishing phenomena of 1906 was The Invasion of 1910 (by Germans), serialised in the Daily Mail and marketed by men walking around London in Prussian uniforms. This chimed perfectly with the anti-German clique at the foreign office. (R) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for mor…

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#17 The Elephant in the Room - Ep 1 WW1: how much was it Britain's fault? 34:57

2M ago34:57

34:57

Britain’s main problem by 1910 was Russian expansion towards its Persian oil and India, the jewel in Britain’s crown. So why did Britain go to war to SUPPORT Russia and AGAINST Germany which was its closest European friend and trading partner? (R) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#40 Henry VIII: the pope, Katherine, Anne and Florence 36:48

2M ago36:48

36:48

After years of negotiation and confrontation, Pope Clement VII was heard swearing unpapally over Henry VIII’s divorce. And no wonder. The history of Henry’s pope is a murky tale of code-breaking and ruthless sieges that involves Michelangelo and Machiavelli and a great deal of double-dealing. Pope Clement was trapped between a rock and a hard place…

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#52 Anne Boleyn - Henry's MacGuffin 44:42

2M ago44:42

44:42

Most of what we think we know about Anne Boleyn turns out to be later invention, with no historical basis. We argue that she was a MacGuffin: she was necessary to the way things turned out for Henry, but unimportant in herself. We’re not even sure he was in love with her. (R) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#51 Marrying Anne Boleyn, the best of a bad job - Ep 6 Henry VIII: the king, his wife, his lover, the French 30:08

2M ago30:08

30:08

The Ambassadors painting by Hans Holbein reveals the French horror at Henry’s decision in January 1533 to defy the pope and get remarried to a pregnant Anne Boleyn. But since Henry couldn't get an annulment he had no choice. No big-time European princess would marry him. With the Spanish seriously weakened by war, Turkish invasion and protestant re…

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#50 No more ménage á trois - Ep 5 Henry VIII: the king, his wife, his lover, the French 28:51

3M ago28:51

28:51

In a dynamite French document from August 1530, still overlooked by historians, the King of France offers to send troops to England to defend Henry VIII against the Spanish. No French government before or since has ever promised to send troops to defend England. Does this explain Henry’s sudden move in August 1530 to go on the offensive against Rom…

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#49 Like an episode of the Borgias - Ep 4 Henry VIII: the king, his wife, his lover, the French 33:42

3M ago33:42

33:42

31 May 1529: Faced with France and Spain doing a deal and leaving England in the lurch, Henry races against time to begin his divorce trial in London, and then pulls the plug just before a verdict is reached. Meanwhile the pope and his cardinals are double-crossing each other. (R) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#46 Missions Impossible - Ep 3 Henry VIII: the king, his wife, his lover, the French 32:27

3M ago32:27

32:27

1527: The pope is a prisoner of the marauding Spanish in Rome and yet Henry sends his man Knight on a madcap mission to ask Pope Clement VII for permission to marry a young woman he is already sleeping with. It’s the first of a whole series of crazy errands, asking the pope for the impossible. Does Henry have a hidden agenda? (R) Hosted on Acast. S…

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#45 The Jilting of Princess Mary - Ep 2 Henry VIII: the king, his wife, his lover, the French 32:23

3M ago32:23

32:23

Did Henry break with Rome in order to seize power over the wealthy, ubiquitous church in England? We find that the dates don’t add up. Instead we look at why in June 1525 Henry promoted his illegitimate son Henry Fitzroy over the head of his heir Mary. And why Charles V broke off his engagement with 9 year old Mary to marry a Portuguese princess in…

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#44 Anne Boleyn did not hold out on Henry - Ep 1 Henry VIII, his wife, his lover, the French 31:21

4M ago31:21

31:21

In 2010 a document from 1527 was found in which Henry admits to the pope that he is sleeping with the woman he wishes to marry instead of, or as well as, his Spanish wife Katherine. Very little of the traditional story can be believed. It’s Katherine who matters in the story of Henry’s Reformation, not Anne. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy f…

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#77 Stanley never got the joke - Ep 5 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?' 40:05

4M ago40:05

40:05

The events that followed Livingstone’s funeral are perhaps important for the light they shed on everything that Livingstone was not. Stanley, having declared that he would complete what Livingstone had begun, undertook three ‘momentous’ journeys. Whatever the cover stories he created, Stanley’s expeditions were intended to grab and occupy African l…

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#76 Twelve Reckless Americans - Ep 4 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?' 31:18

4M ago31:18

31:18

Henry Morton Stanley, the New York-born journalist who was actually born in Wales, ‘finds’ Livingstone, although everyone knows he’s not lost. Stanley’s employer Gordon Bennett Jr of the daily New York Herald has spotted a fantastic money-making enterprise, pedalling fictitious stories of the romantic failures of the British explorer, Dr Livingston…

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#75 The Lion and the Tartan Jacket - Ep 3 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?' 38:24

4M ago38:24

38:24

The British audience for Livingstone’s book 'Missionary Travels' can’t get enough of his ‘manly’ and ‘forcible’ style. He brings a very personal mix of far-away adventure and science to his stories. His account of being mauled by a lion – shaken like ‘a terrier dog does a rat’ and how the tartan jacket saves his life – are still vivid reading. But …

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#74 Smoke that Thunders - Ep 2 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?' 37:24

5M ago37:24

37:24

Livingstone was the first European to record his visit to Smoke that Thunders on the Zambezi river. 100 metres of plummeting water, across the entire kilometre of the Zambezi’s width. He promptly named it after his queen, Victoria Falls. His ambition was to find a navigable river from the east coast of Africa inland. Although it was clear that Smok…

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#73 'Stronger than the ox he rode' - Ep 1 'Dr Livingstone, I presume?' 37:38

5M ago37:38

37:38

Exploration changed in the middle of the nineteenth century, when Henry Morton Stanley met Dr David Livingstone. We discover that Livingstone isn’t remembered for anything he achieved. A missionary and medical doctor from a poor Scottish background – and an indestructible traveller - he learned to make accurate geographical calculations and used th…

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#100 'My dreams were merely dreams' - Ep 4 Murder. Mystery at the North Pole 45:04

5M ago45:04

45:04

Did Robert Peary or Frederick Cook reach the North Pole first? In our 100th podcast, we weigh up what evidence remains after a ruthless campaign to destroy records and reputations. And we discover the new evidence that has begun to emerge from the most unexpected places. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#99 Shadowlands - Ep 3 Murder. Mystery at the North Pole 36:09

5M ago36:09

36:09

A full year before US commander Robert Peary claimed he had been the first man to reach the North Pole, a younger, medical doctor, also from America, had beaten him to it. Or so he told the press. His name was Frederick Cook and he had expedition history with both Peary in the Arctic and Amundsen in the Antarctic. He not only treated the Inughuit w…

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#98 'So coarse, so manly' - Ep 2 Murder. Mystery at the North Pole 44:22

6M ago44:22

44:22

Robert Peary’s backers were the wealthy railway barons and bankers of New York. It didn’t matter to them whether Peary was the first to get to the North Pole or not. What mattered to them in 1909 was that he would say he’d reached the Pole, and then tell a strong, manly tale about it. In their eyes the future of Americans, as the tough frontier peo…

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#97 'a day of undiluted hell' - Ep 1 Murder. Mystery at the North Pole 41:28

6M ago41:28

41:28

We may think the main controversy surrounding American, naval commander, Robert Peary’s claim to be the first to reach the North Pole on 6/7 May 1909 was whether he, and the other ‘invisible’ five men accompanying him, actually got anywhere near the Pole. However, it’s a much more complicated and sinister story than that…. Hosted on Acast. See acas…

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#48 'Gunsmoke and Mirrors' - Ep 2 Was the Wild West wild? 36:56

6M ago36:56

36:56

What was the driving force behind the settlement of the American west? Was it the so-called ‘anarchocapitalism’ so admired by the Hoover Institution and some of the followers of President Trump? The violence they fetishize turns out to have been only in those places populated by young men – we’re talking not just cowpokes or gold and silver prospec…

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#47 The Law-less Frontier - Ep 1 Was the Wild West wild? 42:57

6M ago42:57

42:57

A series of land grabs and cruel clearances by the Federal government from 1781 triggered a crazy, barely-contained movement west, spearheaded by gold prospectors, cattle ranchers, homesteaders and the railroads. By 1892 it was generally agreed that the American character was forged in the violence of the shifting frontier. We look at the popular f…

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#39 Newton and the Occult - Ep 2 Was Newton the last of the Magicians? 45:02

6M ago45:02

45:02

Having considered the arguments in favour of defining Sir Isaac Newton as an early 'scientist', we now consider the other side of the coin. Newton’s best-known breakthrough – the identification of gravity – belonged not to the latest tradition of European Cartesian rationalism, but to a very English strand of occult philosophy. In fact it was only …

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#38 Newton the Alchemist - Ep 1 Was Newton the last of the Magicians? 36:30

7M ago36:30

36:30

The short answer to the question, ‘was Newton the last of the magicians?’ is, yes …. And also … no. Newton and alchemy turn out to be ‘a riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma.’ We toss a coin and take a heads-and-tails approach. In this podcast we argue that the alchemical experiments he undertook had nothing to do with magic. Newton’s alc…

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#96 Extortioners and hatchet men - Ep 5 What Wars? What Roses? 29:20

7M ago29:20

29:20

Henry VII invented the idea of the Wars of the Roses and the notion that he alone could end them. With a comparatively weak claim to the throne he found a novel way to deal with the nobility - through extortioners and hatchet men. He could only get away with this because the Black Death had fatally damaged the status of the nobility and caused the …

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#95 Murder in the Tower - Ep 4 What Wars? What Roses? 29:47

7M ago29:47

29:47

One common-girl-denies-king-until-he-marries-her, two kings, three royal murders in the Tower, and the Queen's mother accused of witchcraft. Just about standard for late 15th Century England and Wales. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

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#94 'Political gangsterdom' - Ep 3 What Wars? What Roses? 35:21

7M ago35:21

35:21

By the time Henry VI finally lost the last bit of England's French Empire in 1453 he could no longer go to war in France to occupy and enrich his nobility. This small, interrelated and bickering group, cooped up in England with an agricultural depression settling in, now resorted to what the historian Michael Postan long ago (in 1939) famously call…

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#93 'A plague on both your houses' - Ep 2 What Wars? What Roses? 31:26

8M ago31:26

31:26

Why was the 15th century in England and Wales so violent? It certainly wasn’t York v Lancaster, white-rose v red-rose rivalry. Monarchs were useless but that’s not unique to the 15th century. So what was it that defined this period? It has everything to do with the plague… Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.…

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#92 'Welcome Traitor!' - Ep 1 What Wars? What Roses? 28:01

8M ago28:01

28:01

Why do we know so little about medieval history? About England and Wales in the fifteenth century? The Wars of the Roses (Lancaster v York) lasted 4 months not the traditional 85 years. Even the roses were (mostly) inventions. And was it even medieval? The execution of the King’s chief minister as a traitor in 1450, by sailors dissatisfied with an …

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Ep 1 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #34 Getting the vote in 1918 - the secret strategy 35:18

8M ago35:18

35:18

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY - Mrs Pankhurst claims she won women the vote through ‘marvellous leadership.’ An all-male conference of MPs counters that it gifted women the vote. We reveal that neither is true. The door to women’s suffrage is finally opened in January 1917 through brilliant negotiations behind the scenes by Millicent Fawcett…

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Ep 2 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #35 Most women didn’t want the vote 27:20

8M ago27:20

27:20

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY We go back to the great number of unsung women and men who made great strides towards women’s votes and female emancipation by 1900. Emmeline Pankhurst sets up her Women’s Social and Political Union in 1903 as a pressure group for votes for poor working-women in the cotton mills. By then a majority of MPs is alr…

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Ep 3 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #36 The Pankhursts didn’t want the poor to get the vote 30:39

8M ago30:39

30:39

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY The WSPU – the Pankhurst Suffragettes - begin in the Manchester Labour Party in the 1890s and learn their publicity-grabbing tactics from Labour. But these tactics turn out to have the worst possible effect – making women’s votes even less likely than before. They are so bad, in fact, it makes you wonder whether…

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Ep 4 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #37 Hunger strikes and forced feeding 38:23

8M ago38:23

38:23

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY The militant strategy of the WSPU – the Pankhurst Suffragettes - is delivering them headlines. It gets them nowhere with the government but it makes enormous sums of advertising revenue from fancy retailers, and funds Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst’s society lifestyle. Rich London ladies in silks and satins p…

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Ep 5 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #41 The violence the Suffragettes wouldn’t admit to 37:04

8M ago37:04

37:04

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY From 1912 the WSPU – the Pankhurst Suffragettes – are out of control and dangerous. But that is not how they're remembered. Anyone who disagrees with the violence either leaves or is thrown out. Whatever they later claim about their ‘wonderful leadership’, it is their young, poor members who are inventing new an…

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Ep 6 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #42 The violence backfired 37:18

8M ago37:18

37:18

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY November 1912 sees the first defeat for women’s votes since 1891. The government has been struggling with law and order after two years of mass strikes. That year even school children go on strike. The violence of the suffragettes is barely noticed and can definitely not be rewarded. For the first time in a gene…

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Ep 7 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #43 The Suffragettes did not win the vote 41:45

8M ago41:45

41:45

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY Suddenly, after 1913 votes for women looks inevitable. Not through the chaotic, dying campaign of the suffragettes. But through the political brilliance of Millicent Fawcett and the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies. Their 1913 alliance with the Labour Party changes the whole political balance. Now Li…

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Ep 8 The Secret History of the Suffragettes - #60 After 1918 - the secrets are out - Ep 8 The Secret History of the Suffragettes 44:49

8M ago44:49

44:49

REPEAT FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMAN'S DAY The reason we all believe Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst achieved women’s votes in Britain is because that’s the narrative created in the 20s and 30s by former suffragettes. The reality of what Emmeline and Christabel got up to post 1918 is shocking. Suffice it to say it involves racial purity and telling wor…

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#91 Death Camp tattoos were IBM numbers - Ep 10 Trading with the Nazis 35:24

8M ago35:24

35:24

During the war US and British bankers continued to send cash to Germany, while American companies in Germany were drawn down a slippery slope of collaboration. American bosses may have kept in touch with German subsidiaries via neutral hang-outs (like the fictional Rick’s Bar in the 1942 film Casablanca). Some made use of prisoners of war for slave…

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#90 British appeasement, a sinister game? - Ep 9 Trading with the Nazis 31:12

8M ago31:12

31:12

In 1937, the new British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, believed he single-handedly could ensure world peace. He told the King, George VI, that he would do this by pursuing his objective of Germany and England being ‘the two pillars of European peace and buttresses against Communism.’ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more informatio…

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#89 Britain's Nazi Allies - Ep 8 Trading with the Nazis 30:51

9M ago30:51

30:51

In 1935 the Etonians in the British Cabinet and Foreign Office rejected all calls from the USSR to unite with France and Eastern Europe against the rise of the Third Reich. They were far too terrified of Communism. Instead, Britain agreed a treaty allowing the Germans to expand their navy. When supporters of the elected left-wing government in Spai…

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#88 'It haunts me' - Ep 7 Trading with the Nazis 27:50

9M ago27:50

27:50

Horrified by the implications of aiding German rearmament, a few British and American companies made serious attempts to get out of Germany in the 1930s. Particularly after Kristallnacht, 10 November 1938, when Nazi thugs attacked Jewish businesses. But the British Establishment saw Hitler as ‘a man who could be relied upon’. The Bank of England ar…

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#87 Kill Nazism with kindness? - Ep 6 Trading with the Nazis 27:45

9M ago27:45

27:45

A perfect storm created the conditions for the Nazi’s march to war. The naïve belief that you could kill Nazism with kindness (aka trade agreements from which bankers and businessmen personally hoped to profit) was held simultaneously by the US Secretary of State, Cordell Hull, the Governor of the Bank of England, Montagu Norman, and the second in …

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#86 'Hell-bent to supplant our democratic government' - Ep 5 Trading with the Nazis 26:26

9M ago26:26

26:26

In 1936 the US Ambassador in Berlin, William Dodd, wrote to President Roosevelt warning of a pro-Nazi clique of US industrialists ‘hell-bent to bring a fascist state to supplant our democratic government.’ We look at the notorious Liberty League and the dinner in New York’s Astoria to celebrate the fall of Paris to the Nazis. We showcase the busine…

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#85 Nazi sterilisation, the American way - Ep 4 Trading with the Nazis 30:25

9M ago30:25

30:25

For all the complaints about the difficulties of doing business in Hitler’s Germany, the Americans seemed strikingly settled there. Now we get to the nub of why, when Germany occupied Austria, Czechoslovakia and then part of Poland in 1938-39, its military rolled out in General Motors and Ford cars and trucks, and its planes were using General Moto…

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#84 Dollars and Dictatorship – Ep 3 Trading with the Nazis 24:21

10M ago24:21

24:21

STAND-ALONE. The Americans insisted on extracting every cent from war-torn Britain and France in the aftermath of World War I. They made them repay the money they had borrowed, at increasingly high interest rates, to buy American weapons to fight Germany. It led to economic depression. The 1929 Wall Street Crash was part of a global financial meltd…

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