2021.08.04 國際新聞導讀-阿曼海域6艘船失去控制、伊朗新總統萊西3日就職、以色列體操奧運金牌選手無法在國內宗教結婚引發在一次民事婚姻的訴求、以色列2021-2022預算經內閣批准要經國會全院通過

蘇老師講解國際新聞、中東與中亞歷史、中國事務、太空知識的頻道。 Diplomat's daily news review and history research on Middle East and Central Asia, China Affairs and Space Exploration

2021.08.04 國際新聞導讀-阿曼海域6艘船失去控制、伊朗新總統萊西3日就職、以色列體操奧運金牌選手無法在國內宗教結婚引發在一次民事婚姻的訴求、以色列2021-2022預算經內閣批准要經國會全院通過

阿曼灣的6艘船隻在船隻遭到無人機襲擊幾天后失去控制

有報導稱伊朗支持的部隊可能已經扣押了瀝青公主號油輪；英國軍方稱其為“潛在劫機”

由機構和TOI 工作人員提供今天，晚上 7:00

說明：2021 年 8 月 3 日，在阿拉伯聯合酋長國富查伊拉海灣酋長國港口看到與以色列有關的日本油輪 MT Mercer Street。（Karim SAHIB / AFP）

阿拉伯聯合酋長國迪拜——週二，至少有六艘船在阿拉伯聯合酋長國沿海發出警告，稱他們在不明情況下失去了對轉向的控制，因為英國當局報告稱該地區正在發生“潛在的劫持”。

目前還不清楚阿曼灣富查伊拉海岸附近發生了什麼。

據路透社援引兩名海上安全消息人士的話稱，據信伊朗支持的部隊扣押了其中一艘油輪。

航運當局勞氏船級社和海事情報公司 Dryad Global 均確認涉事船隻為懸掛巴拿馬國旗的瀝青油輪 Asphalt Princess。週二晚些時候，無法立即聯繫到這艘船的船東，該船的船東被列為總部位於阿聯酋自由區的 Glory International。

據 MarineTraffic.com 稱，這六艘船幾乎同時通過其自動識別系統跟踪器宣布它們“不受指揮”。這通常意味著船隻失去動力，無法再駕駛。

數據公司Refintiv的石油和航運專家蘭吉斯·拉賈(Ranjith Raja)說：“與此同時，如果它們在同一個附近和同一個地方，那麼這種情況很少發生。” “並非所有船隻都會同時失去發動機或轉向能力。”

其中一艘船後來開始移動。

週二，阿曼灣的一艘船可能成為劫持目標。（美聯社圖）

根據 FlightRadar24.com 的數據，一架阿曼皇家空軍空中客車 C-295MPA 是一架海上巡邏機，在船隻所在區域上空盤旋數小時。

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伊朗國營的伊朗伊斯蘭共和國通訊社援引外交部發言人賽義德·哈蒂布扎德的話說，該地區最近發生的海上襲擊事件“完全可疑”，這顯然是對這一事件的回應。他否認伊朗參與其中。

“伊朗海軍已準備好在該地區提供幫助和救援，”Khatibzadeh 說。

美國沒有為最新事件歸咎於責任，但國務院發言人內德·普萊斯表示，“伊朗的好戰模式非常令人不安”。

“當談到這一具體事件時，我們現在下定論還為時過早，”普萊斯告訴記者。

白宮發言人 Jen Psaki 表示，美國與英國就這一“令人深感擔憂”的事件保持著密切聯繫。

英國軍方的英國海上貿易行動最初只是警告船隻“目前正在發生事故”。幾小時後，他們說這起事件是“潛在的劫機”。他們沒有詳細說明。

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美軍駐中東的第五艦隊和英國國防部沒有立即回復置評電話。阿聯酋政府沒有立即承認這一事件。

就在幾天前，一架無人機在阿曼海岸附近襲擊了一艘與以色列億萬富翁有關的油輪，造成兩名船員死亡。西方將這次襲擊歸咎於伊朗，這標誌著在針對該地區商船的長達數年的影子戰爭中，這是已知的第一次造成平民死亡的襲擊。

伊朗否認在這起事件中扮演了任何角色，儘管德黑蘭及其盟軍民兵此前曾在襲擊中使用過類似的“自殺式”無人機。

以色列、美國和英國發誓要對襲擊進行“集體回應”，但沒有詳細說明。

6 ships in Gulf of Oman lose control, days after vessel attacked by drones

Reports that Iranian-backed forces may have seized Asphalt Princess tanker; British military calls it a ‘potential hijack’

By AGENCIES and TOI STAFFToday, 7:00 pm

Illustrative: The Israeli-linked Japanese-owned tanker MT Mercer Street is seen off the port of the Gulf Emirate of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates on August 3, 2021. (Karim SAHIB / AFP)

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — At least six ships off the coast of the United Arab Emirates broadcast warnings Tuesday that they had lost control of their steering under unclear circumstances as British authorities reported “a potential hijack” was underway in the area.

It wasn’t immediately clear what was happening off the coast of Fujairah in the Gulf of Oman.

According to the Reuters news agency, which quoted two security maritime sources, Iranian-backed forces were believed to have seized one of the tankers.

Shipping authority Lloyd’s List and maritime intelligence firm Dryad Global both identified the vessel involved as Panama-flagged asphalt tanker Asphalt Princess. The vessel’s owner, listed as Emirati free zone-based Glory International, could not immediately be reached for comment late Tuesday.

The six vessels announced around the same time via their Automatic Identification System trackers that they were “not under command,” according to MarineTraffic.com. That typically means a vessel has lost power and can no longer steer.

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“At the same time, if they are in the same vicinity and in the same place, then very rarely that happens,” said Ranjith Raja, an oil and shipping expert with data firm Refintiv. “Not all the vessels would lose their engines or their capability to steer at the same time.”

One of the vessels later began moving.

A ship in the Gulf of Oman may have been a hijacking target Tuesday. (AP Graphic)

An Oman Royal Air Force Airbus C-295MPA, a maritime patrol aircraft, flew in circles for hours over the area where the ships were, according to data from FlightRadar24.com.

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Apparently responding to the incident, Iran’s state-run IRNA news agency quoted Foreign Ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh as calling the recent maritime attacks in the region “completely suspicious.” He denied that Iran was involved.

“Iran’s naval forces are ready for help and rescue in the region,” Khatibzadeh said.

The United States stopped short of assigning blame for the latest episode but State Department spokesman Ned Price said there has been “a very disturbing pattern of belligerence from Iran.”

“When it comes to this specific incident, it’s too early for us to offer a judgment just yet,” Price told reporters.

White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki said the United States was in close touch with Britain over the “deeply concerning” incident.

The British military’s United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations initially only warned ships that “an incident is currently underway.” Hours later, they said the incident was a “potential hijack.” They did not elaborate.

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The US military’s Mideast-based 5th Fleet and the British Defense Ministry did not immediately return calls for comment. The Emirati government did not immediately acknowledge the incident.

The event comes just days after a drone struck an oil tanker linked to an Israeli billionaire off the coast of Oman, killing two crew members. The West blamed Iran for the attack, which marked the first known assault to have killed civilians in the yearslong shadow war targeting commercial vessels in the region.

Iran denied playing any role in the incident, though Tehran and its allied militias have used similar “suicide” drones in attacks previously.

Israel, the United States and United Kingdom vowed a “collective response” to the attack, without elaborating.

以色列奧運金牌得主不能在國內結婚，他的母親感嘆

根據東正教習俗，阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特不被視為猶太人，因為只有他的父親是猶太人；沒有公證婚姻選擇，他唯一的出路就是在國外結婚

通過TOI人員2021 年 8 月 1 日，晚上 11:46

2021 年 8 月 1 日，在東京有明體操中心舉行的 2020 年東京奧運會藝術體操男子自由體操決賽中，金牌得主以色列的 Artem Dolgopyat 在領獎台上慶祝。（Lionel BONAVENTURE / 法新社）

以色列有史以來第二位奧運會金牌得主阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特 (Artem Dolgopyat) 不能在他的祖國合法結婚，因為按照首席拉比的標準，他不是猶太人，他的母親週日哀嘆道，而該國正在慶祝其新的民族英雄。

在接受 103FM 電台採訪時，多爾戈皮亞特的母親安吉拉·比蘭說：“國家不讓他結婚。他有一個女朋友，他們一起生活了三年，但他不能結婚。”

比蘭解釋說，多爾戈皮亞特需要出國旅行才能獲得國家承認的民事婚姻，但補充說，由於他繁忙的運動日程，這使這變得困難。

她說，多爾戈皮亞特的母親不是猶太人，但他父親的整個方面都是猶太人。

至少需要一名猶太祖父母才能移民到以色列並成為公民。

但是，通過首席拉比的猶太人結婚，這是以色列唯一的可能性，根據東正教習俗，雙方都必須是猶太人——即，有一個猶太母親。

2021 年 8 月 1 日，奧運金牌得主 Artem Dolgopyat 的母親 Angela Bilan 接受第 13 頻道新聞採訪。（視頻截圖）

由於以色列沒有公證婚姻，越來越多的以色列夫婦選擇在國外登記結婚。

Dolgopyat 得到了旅遊部長 Yoel Razvozov 的支持，Yoel Razvozov 本人是前蘇聯移民和奧運會運動員。

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拉茲沃佐夫在推特上說：“以色列公民，無論他們出生在哪裡，都不應該經歷繁瑣和屈辱的過程，以獲得拉比的批准或拒絕才能結婚。”

“以色列在領獎台上的驕傲，但在hupa下是二等公民，”他說，指的是猶太人的婚禮天篷。“阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特光榮代表的同一國家的拉比不允許他在以色列結婚等基本公民權利，這是不合邏輯的。”

Dolgopyat 的未婚妻 Maria Seikovitch 週一告訴第 12 頻道，他去年向她求婚，在鏡頭前展示了她的戒指，並說他“了解遊戲規則”關於以色列婚姻法。

除了許多來自混血家庭或不被承認為猶太人的移民外，無法在以色列結婚的人還包括同性戀者、非東正教皈依者和其他各種人。

2021 年 8 月 1 日，奧運金牌得主 Artem Dolgopyat 的未婚妻 Maria Seikovitch 接受第 13 頻道新聞採訪。（視頻截圖）

多爾戈皮亞特是一位 24 歲的兩屆世錦賽銀牌得主，12 歲時從烏克蘭移民到以色列，被認為是以色列今年奧運會金牌的最大希望。

他週日的最後一輪比賽給評委留下了深刻的印象，得分為14.933，與西班牙選手雷德利·米格爾·薩帕塔持平但比因此獲得銀牌的比賽更難，並領先於獲得銅牌的中國選手肖若騰。

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2021 年 8 月，在東京舉行的 2020 年夏季奧運會藝術體操男子器械決賽中，以色列選手阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特 (Artem Dolgopyat) 進行自由體操表演。（美聯社照片/格雷戈里·布爾）

這枚金牌是以色列歷史上的第二枚金牌，僅次於風帆衝浪運動員加爾·弗里德曼 (Gal Friedman) 2004 年在雅典奪冠。

當以色列體操運動員在熱烈的掌聲中接受他的獎牌時，以色列國歌 Hatikva 響起。

他受到納夫塔利·貝內特總理和艾薩克·赫爾佐格總統的歡迎，兩人都打電話祝賀他獲勝。

Israel’s Olympic gold medalist can’t marry in the country, his mother laments

Artem Dolgopyat is not considered Jewish according to Orthodox practice, as only his father is Jewish; with no civil marriage option, his only outlet is marriage abroad

By TOI STAFF1 August 2021, 11:46 pm

Gold medallist Israel's Artem Dolgopyat celebrates on the podium of the floor event of the artistic gymnastics men's floor exercise final during the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre in Tokyo on August 1, 2021. (Lionel BONAVENTURE / AFP)

Israel’s second-ever Olympic gold medalist, Artem Dolgopyat, cannot legally get married in his home country, as he is not Jewish by the standards of the Chief Rabbinate, his mother lamented on Sunday, while the country celebrated its new national hero.

In an interview with 103FM Radio, Dolgopyat’s mother Angela Bilan said: “The state does not let him get married. He has a girlfriend and they have lived together for three years, but he cannot get married.”

Bilan explained that Dolgopyat would need to travel abroad to have a civil marriage, which would be recognized by the state, but added that this was made difficult by his busy sports schedule.

Dolgopyat’s mother is not Jewish, but the entirety of his father’s side is, she said.

At least one Jewish grandparent is required in order to immigrate to Israel and become a citizen.

But getting married as a Jew through the Chief Rabbinate, the only possibility in Israel, requires that both parties be Jewish according to Orthodox practice — i.e., having a Jewish mother.

Olympic gold medalist Artem Dolgopyat’s mother, Angela Bilan, speaks with Channel 13 news on August 1, 2021. (Video screenshot)

As Israel has no civil marriage, a growing number of Israeli couples are choosing to register their marriages abroad.

Dolgopyat won support from Tourism Minister Yoel Razvozov, himself an immigrant from the former Soviet Union and an Olympic athlete.

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“Israeli citizens, no matter where they are born, should not need to undergo a tedious and humiliating process in order to get approval or rejection from the Rabbinate in order to get married,” Razvozov tweeted.

“The pride of Israel on the podium, but a second class citizen under the hupa,” he said referring to a Jewish wedding canopy. “It is not logical that the Rabbinate of the same country that Artem Dolgopyat represents with honor does not allow him basic civil rights like getting married in Israel.”

Dolgopyat’s fiancee, Maria Seikovitch, told Channel 12 on Monday that he proposed to her last year, showed her ring to the cameras, and said he “understood the rules of the game” regarding Israeli marriage laws.

In addition to many immigrants from mixed families or ones that are not recognized as Jewish, those unable to wed in Israel also include gays and lesbians, non-Orthodox converts to Judaism, and various others.

Maria Seikovitch, fiancee of Olympic gold medalist Artem Dolgopyat, speaks with Channel 13 news on August 1, 2021. (Video screenshot)

Dolgopyat, a 24-year-old two-time world championship silver medalist who immigrated to Israel from Ukraine at the age of 12, was considered Israel’s best hope for a gold medal at this year’s Games.

His final round routine Sunday impressed judges, scoring 14.933, level with but judged more difficult than that of Spain’s Rayderley Miguel Zapata, who thus took silver, and ahead of China’s Xiao Ruoteng, who won bronze.

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Artem Dolgopyat of Israel performs on the floor exercise during the artistic gymnastics men’s apparatus final at the 2020 Summer Olympics, August, 2021, in Tokyo. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull)

The gold medal is only the second in Israeli history, following windsurfer Gal Friedman’s 2004 win in Athens.

Israel’s national anthem, Hatikva, rang out as the Israeli gymnast accepted his medal to huge applause.

He was feted by Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and President Isaac Herzog, both of whom called him to congratulate him for the win.

部長：在總理的支持下，在內閣議程上恢復西牆妥協

Nachman Shai 告訴 ToI 計劃有明顯多數；還稱讚“史無前例”的 NIS 4000 萬預算以推動改革和保守的猶太教；感嘆沒有聯盟就民事婚姻達成共識

作者：大衛·霍羅維茨和拉扎爾·伯曼今天下午 4:19

·

一項恢復所謂的西牆妥協的提議已被列入內閣議程，並得到執政黨的廣泛支持僑民事務部長 Nachman Shai 週二表示。

這項由以色列和僑民領導人經過三年多時間談判達成的安排，於 2016 年獲得本傑明·內塔尼亞胡領導的政府的批准，但在其極端正統派聯盟夥伴的壓力下，內塔尼亞胡於 2017 年無限期暫停。

在接受《以色列時報》採訪時，謝伊表示協議的恢復迫在眉睫：“它已提上日程。這只是時間問題，”他說。

他說，就個人而言，他敦促納夫塔利·貝內特總理在未來幾週前往美國與華盛頓總統喬·拜登和紐約的美國猶太領導人會面之前將其付諸表決。

謝伊說，這將有助於加強以色列與美國非正統猶太教流派的聯繫，目前的多黨聯盟（不包括兩個極端正統黨派）已承諾這樣做。

沙伊說，貝內特——他在 2013 年開創了今天多元化祈禱區的早期迭代——有記錄表明西牆妥協是“最好的解決方案”，並且它也得到了包括謝的工黨領袖在內的多數部長的支持Merav Michaeli、Avigdor Liberman 和 Gideon Sa'ar。

相關：全文——2016 年 1 月西牆妥協的完整版本

這位部長指出，內閣週一批准的 2021-2022 年國家預算已經為以色列的改革和保守派猶太教提供了前所未有的資金撥款——4000 萬新謝克爾，以鼓勵“多元主義”，他說。

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分配給他的部門，這筆錢旨在促進以色列的非正統猶太教：“我們將尋找項目，我們將開發項目，我們將鼓勵不同的猶太教觀點。這是一個先例。從來沒有做過，”他說。

謝說，支持西牆妥協，以及為非正統猶太教提供資金，反映了他對三大猶太教派領袖的承諾：在他上任的第一天，他說，“我告訴他們，現在情況會有所不同，我們將變得多元化……沒有一個[宗教流]會更重要……本著這種精神，[沒有]任何理由保守派和改革派[猶太人]將無法像東正教一樣在西牆附近祈禱。沒有任何理由。我幾乎無法理解為什麼到目前為止還沒有完成。”

恢復該協議，從而在正統派和極端正統派保持對猶太人生命週期事件和實踐的壟斷的以色列給予非正統猶太教正式地位，也將有助於“解決美國的自由派或進步派猶太人問題”，許多他說，他們正在遠離對以色列的支持和認同。它將表明“以色列對不同的意見和對猶太教的不同看法也持開放態度——不僅是關於整個世界，甚至是關於猶太教。”

他說，6 月上任的八黨聯盟標誌著真正的政治團結，包括右翼、中間、左翼和阿拉伯部分。“所以如果你有政治團結，為什麼我們不能也有猶太人的團結？而西牆案是一個非常重要的案例。”

聯合猶太社區（今天的北非猶太人聯合會的前身）的前高級副總裁謝伊對聯盟批准在以色列境內的民事婚姻的前景不太樂觀，他解釋說，在聯盟在這個問題上。

2021 年 8 月 1 日，在 2020 年東京奧運會期間，以色列的阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特 (Artem Dolgopyat) 在藝術體操地板項目中獲得金牌后慶祝。（Loic Venance / 法新社）

在東京體操金牌得主 Artem Dolgopyat 的母親哀嘆他和他的未婚妻 Maria 因為他不是猶太人而無法在這裡結婚兩天后，Shai 承認：“我們必須[做點什麼]。根據halacha，四十萬以色列人不是猶太人。他們在軍隊服役。不幸的是，他們正在為以色列國而被殺害。他們（為以色列）贏得了金牌。”

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他說工黨領袖梅拉夫米凱利打算嘗試解決這個問題，“但我不確定”這會成功，“因為我們在這個聯盟中仍然有東正教成員。” 試圖推進這一舉措會產生政治成本：“如果我們以這種方式挑戰聯盟的右翼成員，問題是我們應該支付多少[政治回報]……我總是問自己，如何做？他們感覺在以色列，40 萬人……我希望我們能找到辦法。”

回到猶太人祈禱的主題和總理的職位，謝說他相信貝內特關於 Tisha B'Av 在聖殿山上歡呼猶太人“崇拜”的聲明，當猶太人被政府禁止在那裡祈禱時，這可能反映了他的感受“內心深處”，卻“誤”發，構成“政治錯誤”，被迅速撤回。

“首先，在他的內心深處，也許他相信[猶太山上的祈禱]，”Shai 說。發表聲明“是一個政治錯誤。他不應該也不能犧牲以色列與約旦的關係，首先……我認為這是他發自內心的。我認為這是他原則上支持的事情……但它是錯誤的。他現在是以色列總理。他不再[只是]一個由六名以色列議會成員組成的政黨的領袖。”

而且，沙伊說，毫無疑問，摩薩德或外交部或其他人很快就告訴總理，“聽著，我們與數十個穆斯林國家有關係……在為時已晚之前立即更改您的聲明。”

對於低調的猶太人祈禱似乎確實被山頂上的以色列安全當局默許這一事實，Shai 堅持認為：“他們不應該祈禱，也不應該在那裡唱國歌。”

“我們不應該在山上做任何事情（改變現狀），”他說。“我們不應該碰清真寺。我們不應該做任何會破壞局勢穩定的事情。”

他說，縱觀歷史，猶太人的智慧就是找到明智的妥協。“這就是猶太人存在的秘密。”

“帶著擁有一個獨立國家的自豪感，”如果這會造成戰略風險，就必須避免在山上的猶太祈禱，Shai 說，在薩達姆·侯賽因的伊拉克發射飛毛腿時擔任以色列國防軍發言人時，他被廣泛認為是民族平靜的代言人1991 年海灣戰爭中向以色列發射導彈。“出於對聖殿的熱愛，對這個猶太歷史和猶太教中[最]神聖的地方，好吧，所以我們現在不能在那裡祈禱。我們會有一天。

“我們並沒有失去希望。兩千多年來，我們一直在等待這種狀態。我們可以等一天。”

(Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

一項恢復所謂的西牆妥協的提議已被列入內閣議程，並得到執政黨的廣泛支持僑民事務部長 Nachman Shai 週二表示。

這項由以色列和僑民領導人經過三年多時間談判達成的安排，於 2016 年獲得本傑明·內塔尼亞胡領導的政府的批准，但在其極端正統派聯盟夥伴的壓力下，內塔尼亞胡於 2017 年無限期暫停。

在接受《以色列時報》採訪時，謝伊表示協議的恢復迫在眉睫：“它已提上日程。這只是時間問題，”他說。

他說，就個人而言，他敦促納夫塔利·貝內特總理在未來幾週前往美國與華盛頓總統喬·拜登和紐約的美國猶太領導人會面之前將其付諸表決。

謝伊說，這將有助於加強以色列與美國非正統猶太教流派的聯繫，目前的多黨聯盟（不包括兩個極端正統黨派）已承諾這樣做。

沙伊說，貝內特——他在 2013 年開創了今天多元化祈禱區的早期迭代——有記錄表明西牆妥協是“最好的解決方案”，並且它也得到了包括謝的工黨領袖在內的多數部長的支持Merav Michaeli、Avigdor Liberman 和 Gideon Sa'ar。

相關：全文——2016 年 1 月西牆妥協的完整版本

這位部長指出，內閣週一批准的 2021-2022 年國家預算已經為以色列的改革和保守派猶太教提供了前所未有的資金撥款——4000 萬新謝克爾，以鼓勵“多元主義”，他說。

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分配給他的部門，這筆錢旨在促進以色列的非正統猶太教：“我們將尋找項目，我們將開發項目，我們將鼓勵不同的猶太教觀點。這是一個先例。從來沒有做過，”他說。

Naftali Bennett 部長於 2013 年 8 月在耶路撒冷的西牆揭開了一個為平等祈禱建造的臨時平台。 (Ezra Landau/Flash90)

謝說，支持西牆妥協，以及為非正統猶太教提供資金，反映了他對三大猶太教派領袖的承諾：在他上任的第一天，他說，“我告訴他們，現在情況會有所不同，我們將變得多元化……沒有一個[宗教流]會更重要……本著這種精神，[沒有]任何理由保守派和改革派[猶太人]將無法像東正教一樣在西牆附近祈禱。沒有任何理由。我幾乎無法理解為什麼到目前為止還沒有完成。”

恢復該協議，從而在正統派和極端正統派保持對猶太人生命週期事件和實踐的壟斷的以色列給予非正統猶太教正式地位，也將有助於“解決美國的自由派或進步派猶太人問題”，許多他說，他們正在遠離對以色列的支持和認同。它將表明“以色列對不同的意見和對猶太教的不同看法也持開放態度——不僅是關於整個世界，甚至是關於猶太教。”

他說，6 月上任的八黨聯盟標誌著真正的政治團結，包括右翼、中間、左翼和阿拉伯部分。“所以如果你有政治團結，為什麼我們不能也有猶太人的團結？而西牆案是一個非常重要的案例。”

聯合猶太社區（今天的北非猶太人聯合會的前身）的前高級副總裁謝伊對聯盟批准在以色列境內的民事婚姻的前景不太樂觀，他解釋說，在聯盟在這個問題上。

2021 年 8 月 1 日，在 2020 年東京奧運會期間，以色列的阿爾喬姆·多爾戈皮亞特 (Artem Dolgopyat) 在藝術體操地板項目中獲得金牌后慶祝。（Loic Venance / 法新社）

在東京體操金牌得主 Artem Dolgopyat 的母親哀嘆他和他的未婚妻 Maria 因為他不是猶太人而無法在這裡結婚兩天后，Shai 承認：“我們必須[做點什麼]。根據halacha，四十萬以色列人不是猶太人。他們在軍隊服役。不幸的是，他們正在為以色列國而被殺害。他們（為以色列）贏得了金牌。”

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他說工黨領袖梅拉夫米凱利打算嘗試解決這個問題，“但我不確定”這會成功，“因為我們在這個聯盟中仍然有東正教成員。” 試圖推進這一舉措會產生政治成本：“如果我們以這種方式挑戰聯盟的右翼成員，問題是我們應該支付多少[政治回報]……我總是問自己，如何做？他們感覺在以色列，40 萬人……我希望我們能找到辦法。”

回到猶太人祈禱的主題和總理的職位，謝說他相信貝內特關於 Tisha B'Av 在聖殿山上歡呼猶太人“崇拜”的聲明，當猶太人被政府禁止在那裡祈禱時，這可能反映了他的感受“內心深處”，卻“誤”發，構成“政治錯誤”，被迅速撤回。

“首先，在他的內心深處，也許他相信[猶太山上的祈禱]，”Shai 說。發表聲明“是一個政治錯誤。他不應該也不能犧牲以色列與約旦的關係，首先……我認為這是他發自內心的。我認為這是他原則上支持的事情……但它是錯誤的。他現在是以色列總理。他不再[只是]一個由六名以色列議會成員組成的政黨的領袖。”

而且，沙伊說，毫無疑問，摩薩德或外交部或其他人很快就告訴總理，“聽著，我們與數十個穆斯林國家有關係……在為時已晚之前立即更改您的聲明。”

對於低調的猶太人祈禱似乎確實被山頂上的以色列安全當局默許這一事實，Shai 堅持認為：“他們不應該祈禱，也不應該在那裡唱國歌。”

2021 年 7 月 17 日第 12 頻道新聞報導的聖殿山上的猶太祈禱。（第 12 頻道截圖）

“我們不應該在山上做任何事情（改變現狀），”他說。“我們不應該碰清真寺。我們不應該做任何會破壞局勢穩定的事情。”

他說，縱觀歷史，猶太人的智慧就是找到明智的妥協。“這就是猶太人存在的秘密。”

“帶著擁有一個獨立國家的自豪感，”如果這會造成戰略風險，就必須避免在山上的猶太祈禱，Shai 說，在薩達姆·侯賽因的伊拉克發射飛毛腿時擔任以色列國防軍發言人時，他被廣泛認為是民族平靜的代言人1991 年海灣戰爭中向以色列發射導彈。“出於對聖殿的熱愛，對這個猶太歷史和猶太教中[最]神聖的地方，好吧，所以我們現在不能在那裡祈禱。我們會有一天。

“我們並沒有失去希望。兩千多年來，我們一直在等待這種狀態。我們可以等一天。”

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Moshe Dayan 在聖殿山，1967 年 6 月 7 日（Ilan Bruner / GPO）

1967 年戰爭結束後，國防部長摩西·達揚 (Moshe Dayan) 決定允許穆斯林當局保留對聖殿山山頂的監督，“他做出了正確的決定，”74 歲的謝說，他回憶起六日戰爭的報導，包括抓獲舊城，為以色列國防軍的 Bamahaneh 雜誌寫的，剛剛完成了他在 Nahal 旅的強制服役。

“我不知道歷史會如何發展：我的意思是，如果 67 年成千上萬的猶太人在山頂上祈禱，也許阿拉伯人會接受它作為事實。但現在？不要觸及現狀。”

ToI 對 Nachman Shai 的完整採訪將很快發布。

阿曼灣的6艘船隻在船隻遭到無人機襲擊幾天后失去控制

有報導稱伊朗支持的部隊可能已經扣押了瀝青公主號油輪；英國軍方稱其為“潛在劫機”

由機構和TOI 工作人員提供今天，晚上 7:00

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說明：2021 年 8 月 3 日，在阿拉伯聯合酋長國富查伊拉海灣酋長國港口看到與以色列有關的日本油輪 MT Mercer Street。（Karim SAHIB / AFP）

阿拉伯聯合酋長國迪拜——週二，至少有六艘船在阿拉伯聯合酋長國沿海發出警告，稱他們在不明情況下失去了對轉向的控制，因為英國當局報告稱該地區正在發生“潛在的劫持”。

目前還不清楚阿曼灣富查伊拉海岸附近發生了什麼。

據路透社援引兩名海上安全消息人士的話稱，據信伊朗支持的部隊扣押了其中一艘油輪。

下一個

停留

航運當局勞氏船級社和海事情報公司 Dryad Global 均確認涉事船隻為懸掛巴拿馬國旗的瀝青油輪 Asphalt Princess。週二晚些時候，無法立即聯繫到這艘船的船東，該船的船東被列為總部位於阿聯酋自由區的 Glory International。

據 MarineTraffic.com 稱，這六艘船幾乎同時通過其自動識別系統跟踪器宣布它們“不受指揮”。這通常意味著船隻失去動力，無法再駕駛。

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數據公司Refintiv的石油和航運專家蘭吉斯·拉賈(Ranjith Raja)說：“與此同時，如果它們在同一個附近和同一個地方，那麼這種情況很少發生。” “並非所有船隻都會同時失去發動機或轉向能力。”

其中一艘船後來開始移動。

週二，阿曼灣的一艘船可能成為劫持目標。（美聯社圖）

根據 FlightRadar24.com 的數據，一架阿曼皇家空軍空中客車 C-295MPA 是一架海上巡邏機，在船隻所在區域上空盤旋數小時。

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伊朗國營的伊朗伊斯蘭共和國通訊社援引外交部發言人賽義德·哈蒂布扎德的話說，該地區最近發生的海上襲擊事件“完全可疑”，這顯然是對這一事件的回應。他否認伊朗參與其中。

“伊朗海軍已準備好在該地區提供幫助和救援，”Khatibzadeh 說。

美國沒有為最新事件歸咎於責任，但國務院發言人內德·普萊斯表示，“伊朗的好戰模式非常令人不安”。

“當談到這一具體事件時，我們現在下定論還為時過早，”普萊斯告訴記者。

白宮發言人 Jen Psaki 表示，美國與英國就這一“令人深感擔憂”的事件保持著密切聯繫。

英國軍方的英國海上貿易行動最初只是警告船隻“目前正在發生事故”。幾小時後，他們說這起事件是“潛在的劫機”。他們沒有詳細說明。

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美軍駐中東的第五艦隊和英國國防部沒有立即回復置評電話。阿聯酋政府沒有立即承認這一事件。

就在幾天前，一架無人機在阿曼海岸附近襲擊了一艘與以色列億萬富翁有關的油輪，造成兩名船員死亡。西方將這次襲擊歸咎於伊朗，這標誌著在針對該地區商船的長達數年的影子戰爭中，這是已知的第一次造成平民死亡的襲擊。

伊朗否認在這起事件中扮演了任何角色，儘管德黑蘭及其盟軍民兵此前曾在襲擊中使用過類似的“自殺式”無人機。

以色列、美國和英國發誓要對襲擊進行“集體回應”，但沒有詳細說明。

6 ships in Gulf of Oman lose control, days after vessel attacked by drones

Reports that Iranian-backed forces may have seized Asphalt Princess tanker; British military calls it a ‘potential hijack’

By AGENCIES and TOI STAFFToday, 7:00 pm

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Illustrative: The Israeli-linked Japanese-owned tanker MT Mercer Street is seen off the port of the Gulf Emirate of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates on August 3, 2021. (Karim SAHIB / AFP)

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — At least six ships off the coast of the United Arab Emirates broadcast warnings Tuesday that they had lost control of their steering under unclear circumstances as British authorities reported “a potential hijack” was underway in the area.

It wasn’t immediately clear what was happening off the coast of Fujairah in the Gulf of Oman.

According to the Reuters news agency, which quoted two security maritime sources, Iranian-backed forces were believed to have seized one of the tankers.

Shipping authority Lloyd’s List and maritime intelligence firm Dryad Global both identified the vessel involved as Panama-flagged asphalt tanker Asphalt Princess. The vessel’s owner, listed as Emirati free zone-based Glory International, could not immediately be reached for comment late Tuesday.

The six vessels announced around the same time via their Automatic Identification System trackers that they were “not under command,” according to MarineTraffic.com. That typically means a vessel has lost power and can no longer steer.

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“At the same time, if they are in the same vicinity and in the same place, then very rarely that happens,” said Ranjith Raja, an oil and shipping expert with data firm Refintiv. “Not all the vessels would lose their engines or their capability to steer at the same time.”

One of the vessels later began moving.

A ship in the Gulf of Oman may have been a hijacking target Tuesday. (AP Graphic)

An Oman Royal Air Force Airbus C-295MPA, a maritime patrol aircraft, flew in circles for hours over the area where the ships were, according to data from FlightRadar24.com.

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Apparently responding to the incident, Iran’s state-run IRNA news agency quoted Foreign Ministry spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh as calling the recent maritime attacks in the region “completely suspicious.” He denied that Iran was involved.

“Iran’s naval forces are ready for help and rescue in the region,” Khatibzadeh said.

The United States stopped short of assigning blame for the latest episode but State Department spokesman Ned Price said there has been “a very disturbing pattern of belligerence from Iran.”

“When it comes to this specific incident, it’s too early for us to offer a judgment just yet,” Price told reporters.

White House spokeswoman Jen Psaki said the United States was in close touch with Britain over the “deeply concerning” incident.

The British military’s United Kingdom Maritime Trade Operations initially only warned ships that “an incident is currently underway.” Hours later, they said the incident was a “potential hijack.” They did not elaborate.

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The US military’s Mideast-based 5th Fleet and the British Defense Ministry did not immediately return calls for comment. The Emirati government did not immediately acknowledge the incident.

The event comes just days after a drone struck an oil tanker linked to an Israeli billionaire off the coast of Oman, killing two crew members. The West blamed Iran for the attack, which marked the first known assault to have killed civilians in the yearslong shadow war targeting commercial vessels in the region.

Iran denied playing any role in the incident, though Tehran and its allied militias have used similar “suicide” drones in attacks previously.

Israel, the United States and United Kingdom vowed a “collective response” to the attack, without elaborating.

以色列航空航天工業公司與德國軍方簽署了價值 2.37 億美元的雷達協議

公司稱遠程系統將加強德國的空域監視和彈道導彈防禦

由盧克·特雷斯 今天，上午 11:09

說明：IAI 的 MRSAM 導彈在 2016 年 6 月的一次測試中。（禮貌/以色列航空航天工業公司）

以色列航空航天工業公司簽署了一項價值 2 億歐元（2.37 億美元）的協議，為德國軍方提供先進的雷達。

IAI在周四的一份聲明中表示，這四個遠程雷達系統將有助於實現德國空域監視和彈道導彈防禦能力的現代化。

該公司表示，該系統將有助於北約防禦遠程武器威脅。

IAI 將通過其 ELTA 子公司與德國公司 Hensoldt 合作開展該項目，Hensoldt 是一家歐洲領先的國防公司，生產用於安全應用的傳感器。

ELTA 的 Eyal Shapira 表示：“IAI 為德國軍隊的決定感到自豪，並將與 Hensoldt 的合作視為推進和深化在歐洲特別是德國的活動的重要一步。”

6 月，ELTA 簽署了一項價值 3600 萬歐元（4300 萬美元）的交易，為德國軍隊提供69套戰術移動雷達系統。ELTA 為以色列的鐵穹導彈防禦系統提供雷達陣列。

IAI 和德國軍方也在Heron 無人機系統上進行了合作。該公司於 2018 年在柏林開設了辦事處，以支持其歐洲業務。

德國和以色列有著密切的軍事聯繫，包括在兩國的聯合訓練演習。德國向以色列海軍提供潛艇和導彈艇。

IAI 開發和製造用於空中、太空、海洋、陸地、網絡和國土安全的先進系統。自 1953 年以來，該公司一直為全球政府和商業客戶提供技術解決方案，包括衛星、導彈、武器系統和彈藥、無人駕駛和機器人系統以及雷達。

Israel Aerospace Industries inks $237 million radar deal with German military

Long-range system will boost Germany’s airspace surveillance, ballistic missile defense, company says

By LUKE TRESS Today, 11:09 am

Illustrative: IAI's MRSAM missile during a test in June 2016. (Courtesy/Israel Aerospace Industries)

Israel Aerospace Industries has signed a deal worth 200 million euros ($237 million) to supply advanced radars to the German military.

The four long-range radar systems will help modernize Germany’s airspace surveillance and ballistic missile defense capabilities, IAI said in a Thursday statement.

The system will contribute to NATO defense against long-range weapon threats, the company said.

IAI will collaborate via its ELTA subsidiary on the project with the German firm Hensoldt, a leading European defense company that produces sensors for security applications.

“IAI is proud of the German army’s decision and sees the cooperation with Hensoldt as a significant step in advancing and deepening activities in Europe and Germany in particular,” said ELTA’s Eyal Shapira.

In June, ELTA inked a 36 million euro ($43 million) deal to supply 69 tactical mobile radar systems to the German army. ELTA supplies the radar array for Israel’s Iron Dome missile defense system.

IAI and the German military have also collaborated on the Heron drone system. The company opened an office in Berlin in 2018 to support its European operations.

Germany and Israel share close military ties, including joint training exercises in both countries. Germany supplies submarines and missile boats to the Israeli navy.

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IAI develops and manufactures advanced systems for air, space, sea, land, cyber and homeland security. Since 1953, the company has provided technology solutions to government and commercial customers worldwide, including satellites, missiles, weapon systems and munitions, unmanned and robotic systems and radar.

公元前 4 世紀的籃子仍然裝有在沉沒的埃及城市中發現的水果

海洋考古學家弗蘭克·戈迪奧 (Frank Goddio) 的團隊在托尼斯-赫拉克利翁 (Thonis-Heracleion) 的水下遺跡中發現了“令人難以置信”的柳條筐，裡面裝有水果和葡萄籽

由TOI 工作人員和機構提供今天，中午 12:28

海洋考古學家弗蘭克·戈迪奧 (Frank Goddio) 在托尼斯-赫拉克利翁 (Thonis-Heracleion) 沉沒的遺址上工作。（維基共享資源）

據英國《衛報》週一報導，考古學家在埃及海岸附近的一處水下廢墟遺址中發現了裝滿水果的柳條筐，其歷史可以追溯到公元前 4 世紀。

這一發現是在托尼斯-赫拉克利翁市發現的，這是一個曾經熙熙攘攘的大都市，坐落在尼羅河的邊緣，在那裡與地中海交匯。

在亞歷山大大帝於公元前 331 年建立沿海城市亞歷山大之前，托尼斯赫拉克利翁幾個世紀以來一直被認為是該地區最大的港口。

這座城市在一系列地震和海嘯之後被淹沒，二十年前由法國海洋考古學家弗蘭克戈迪奧發現，這是近代最偉大的考古發現之一。

Goddio 告訴《衛報》，這些果籃“令人難以置信”，已經 2000 多年沒有動過，裡面仍然裝滿了非洲棕櫚樹的果實 doum 和葡萄籽。

“沒有受到任何干擾，”他說。“看到一籃筐水果真是太驚人了。”

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海洋考古學家說，由於存放在地下室，籃子及其內容物可能倖存下來。

上個月，考古學家在 Thonis-Heracleion 的水下挖掘過程中發現了罕見的軍艦遺骸和希臘喪葬建築群。

埃及古物部說：“埃及-法國任務……發現了托勒密時代一艘軍艦的殘骸和公元前四世紀的希臘喪葬建築群的遺跡。”

根據初步研究，這艘 25 米長（82 英尺長）的船平底，配有大槳、桅杆和帆，常用於尼羅河三角洲內的航行。

考古學家說，這艘船——他們認為應該停靠在該地區的阿蒙神廟附近——在公元前二世紀著名的古廟在地震中倒塌後沉沒。

“發現這個時代的快船極為罕見，”戈迪奧說。

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水下考古學家還發現了一個葬禮建築群，顯示古埃及晚期在該地區存在希臘商人。

埃及文物部表示，當時希臘人統治了該地區，並在阿蒙神廟附近建造了陵墓。

它補充說，這些寺廟的遺跡在水下被發現“狀況良好”。

該部表示，最新的調查結果證明了“這座城市現在位於地中海海水下的寺廟的豐富性”。

4th-century BCE baskets still containing fruit found in sunken Egyptian city

‘Incredible’ wicker baskets, complete with fruit and grape seeds, discovered by marine archaeologist Frank Goddio’s team in the submerged remains of Thonis-Heracleion

By TOI STAFF and AGENCIESToday, 12:28 pm

Marine archaeologist Frank Goddio works at the site of the sunken remains of Thonis-Heracleion. (Wikimedia Commons)

Archaeologists working at a site of submerged ruins off the coast of Egypt discovered wicker baskets filled with fruit dating back to the 4th century BCE, the Guardian reported Monday.

The discovery was made in the city of Thonis-Heracleion, a one-time bustling metropolis that sat on the edge of the Nile River, where it meets with the Mediterranean Sea.

Thonis-Heracleion was for centuries considered Egypt’s largest port in the area until Alexander the Great founded the coastal city of Alexandria in 331 BCE.

The city, submerged following a series of earthquakes and tidal waves, was discovered two decades ago by French marine archaeologist Franck Goddio, in one of the greatest archaeological finds of recent times.

Goddio told the Guardian that the fruit baskets were “incredible,” having been untouched for more than 2,000 years, and still filled with doum, the fruit of an African palm tree, as well as grape seeds.

“Nothing was disturbed,” he said. “It was very striking to see baskets of fruits.”

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The marine archaeologist said the baskets and their contents may have survived by virtue of being stored in an underground room.

Last month, archaeologists found rare remains of a military vessel and a Greek funerary complex during underwater excavations at Thonis-Heracleion.

“An Egyptian-French mission… found the debris of a military vessel from the Ptolemaic era and the remains of a Greek funerary complex dating to the fourth century BC,” the Egyptian antiquities ministry said.

Flat-bottomed with large oars, mast and sails, the 25-meter-long (82-foot-long) vessel was often used for navigation within the Nile Delta, according to preliminary studies.

Archaeologists say the ship — which they believe was supposed to dock near Amun Temple in the area — sank following the famed ancient temple’s collapse in an earthquake in the second century BCE.

“Finds of fast ships from this age are extremely rare,” said Goddio.

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Underwater archaeologists also found a funerary complex showing the presence of Greek merchants in the area during the late period of ancient Egypt.

The Egyptian antiquities ministry said Greeks had dominated the region at the time and built funerary temples in the vicinity of Amun Temple.

Remnants of these temples were found “in excellent condition” underwater, it added.

The latest findings testify to “the richness of temples in the city which now lies under Mediterranean sea water,” the ministry said.

以色列尋求支持巴勒斯坦權力機構，高級官員在貝內特訪問美國之前表示

以色列官員表示，國防部推遲批准定居點建設，但在時機成熟時會批准計劃，優先考慮所謂的集團項目

由雅各布馬吉德 今天，上午 11:19

2021 年 4 月 23 日穆斯林齋月期間，一名巴勒斯坦婦女正在等待穿過約旦河西岸城市拉馬拉和耶路撒冷之間的 Qalandiya 檢查站，以參加在阿克薩清真寺舉行的第二個星期五祈禱。（美聯社/馬吉迪穆罕默德）

紐約——一名以色列高級官員周日對《以色列時報》表示，隨著巴勒斯坦權力機構進入後內塔尼亞胡時代，以色列新政府正尋求加強其與華盛頓民主黨政府的關係。

“我們的政策首先是加強巴勒斯坦權力機構。無論哈馬斯收到什麼，都應該給巴勒斯坦權力機構三倍，”這位不願透露姓名的官員說。

由總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 和外交部長亞伊爾·拉皮德 (Yair Lapid) 領導的新團結政府所採取的做法與前總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡 (Benjamin Netanyahu) 任期內保持的做法背道而馳，當時與巴勒斯坦權力機構的關係創下歷史新低。

但這種轉變可能對改善以色列與美國的關係至關重要，喬拜登進入白宮標誌著美國重新支持兩國解決方案。

在巴勒斯坦權力機構所在的西岸和由哈馬斯恐怖組織統治的加沙地帶，新的心態是以色列政策的核心。

展開方程式

這位官員在討論以色列在 5 月與那裡的恐怖組織進行了為期 11 天的衝突後對加沙重建的立場時承認，以色列此後一直通過在開羅的埃及調解人與哈馬斯進行間接會談。

這位官員說，雖然這些談判的主要參與者可能是以色列和哈馬斯，但耶路撒冷一直堅持要擴大談判桌。

“我們是說，巴勒斯坦權力機構需要成為這個等式的一部分……因為它是溫和派，”這位官員爭辯道。

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2021 年 5 月 21 日，在埃及與巴勒斯坦哈馬斯恐怖組織達成停火協議後，約旦流動野戰醫院通過 Kerem Shalom 過境點進入加沙地帶南部的拉法，這是從以色列進入加沙的貨物的主要通道團體。（哈蒂卜/法新社說）

這位官員說，以色列希望這種做法能夠讓拉馬拉承擔在加沙分發卡塔爾人道主義援助的任務，同時承認此事更多地取決於哈馬斯和卡塔爾的批准。

貝內特政府表示，為了防止哈馬斯重新武裝，它將不再允許每兩個月從卡塔爾進入數千萬美元的現金。相反，它要求第三方——例如巴勒斯坦權力機構或聯合國——負責分配資金，希望它們得到更密切的監控，不會被用於資助哈馬斯的軍事行動。

以色列的立場——連同其堅持以哈馬斯返回兩名陣亡的以色列國防軍士兵和兩名被其俘虜的以色列平民為條件的加沙地帶更大規模重建項目——導致開羅談判陷入僵局，但這位官員表示，發展仍可能在一夜之間發生。

西岸西岸

至於西岸，加強巴勒斯坦權力機構對以色列新政府來說是一項更容易的任務。

高級官員簡報 ToI 指出，週日內閣決定將以色列為巴勒斯坦人提供的工作許可證數量增加 15,000。工人的收入是巴勒斯坦經濟的重要資金來源，該經濟受到國際援助減少和疫情嚴峻的一年的打擊。

2020 年 5 月 5 日，巴勒斯坦工人通過約旦河西岸南部的米塔爾檢查站進入以色列。 (Wisam Hashlamoun/Flash90)

“我們將嘗試與巴勒斯坦權力機構一起推進各種經濟舉措，以盡我們所能加強他們的機構……基於這個政府將無法[與巴勒斯坦人]達成和平協議的理解，但我們可以……努力'縮小衝突'，”這位官員說，借用了以色列哲學家米卡·古德曼（Micah Goodman）使用的一句話，他的中間派政治觀點已引起越來越多內閣成員的注意。

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當被要求提供更多關於以色列如何加強巴勒斯坦權力機構的例子時，這位官員表示，以色列準備給巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊更大的在西岸行動的空間，並將嘗試“通過盡可能多的限制[IDF ] 在 PA 警察局門前進行的行動。”

在六月，在傑寧的軍事PA情報機構總部外的以色列國防軍逮捕行動兩個PA安全人員在火災中與以色列軍隊的交流死亡而告終。

正在考慮支持拉馬拉的其他途徑包括擴大以色列允許進入西岸的進口清單，並授權巴勒斯坦權力機構安全部隊購買額外的作戰設備，“例如 GPS 軟件”，這位官員說。“這有助於創造一個現實，在其中[西岸]有更好的治理。”

這位官員說，國防部還在研究是否可以為居住在約旦河西岸 C 區的大約 7,000 名無證巴勒斯坦人授權巴勒斯坦身份證，該區由以色列安全和文職人員控制。鑑於以色列國防軍控制著進入該領土的所有過境點，1990 年代的奧斯陸協議使以色列暫時負責批准西岸巴勒斯坦人的新身份證，但出於以色列的安全考慮，通常會為數千人發放身份證。

這位官員承認，新政策目標存在局限性。上個月，安全內閣投票決定從巴勒斯坦權力機構扣留近 6 億新謝克爾（1.84 億美元），以抵消拉馬拉在過去一年中向安全囚犯及其家人支付的所謂恐怖津貼的資金。

巴勒斯坦權力機構主席馬哈茂德·阿巴斯（右）於 2021 年 5 月 25 日在約旦河西岸城市拉馬拉會見美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯。（Majdi Mohammed/AP）

“我們推遲了[抵消恐怖分子津貼]法的實施，但最終我們必須遵守它，”這位官員說。“PA 表示正在尋找改革支付政策的方法，所以我們正在等待他們這樣做。”

當政府尋求加強與巴勒斯坦權力機構的合作時，它並不總是能找到願意的合作夥伴。拉馬拉上個月退出了一項協議，即交易 100 萬支以色列冠狀病毒疫苗，以換取巴勒斯坦權力機構在公佈以色列疫苗將在幾週內到期後稍後獲得的同等數量的疫苗，儘管以色列正在對自己的人口使用該批次的劑量。

以色列政府也受到其獨特構成的限制，來自 Yesh Atid、Blue and White、工黨和 Meretz 政黨的中間派和溫和派部長有興趣與巴勒斯坦權力機構達成政治解決方案，他們擔任關鍵角色。另一方面，他們被鷹派亞米納黨的總理以及來自右翼新希望黨和以色列貝特努黨的其他內閣成員所抵消，他們對巴勒斯坦權力機構的看法要少得多。

但顯然認識到公開的強硬態度將在華盛頓為他贏得很少的朋友，貝內特也開始談到他希望“縮小衝突”並改善巴勒斯坦人的經濟狀況。自不到兩個月前宣誓就職以來，他還允許高級官員與巴勒斯坦同行舉行不少於六次電話和會議。

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國防部長本尼·甘茨的通話上個月PA主席阿巴斯是以色列部長，2017年以來巴勒斯坦領導人之間的第一次正式會談。

區分集團和孤立的定居點

當貝內特的高級助手抵達華盛頓與美國同行會面，為總理即將到來的白宮訪問做準備時，這位高級官員與 ToI 進行了交談。

新政府決心證明它有能力改善與美國兩黨的關係，而不僅僅是與在內塔尼亞胡時代沖向以色列一方的共和黨人的關係。

2019 年 10 月 31 日在西岸的 Yitzhar 定居點視圖。 (Sraya Diamant/Flash90)

這一戰略的一部分包括對定居政策的明顯重置，在美國前總統唐納德特朗普執政的過去四年裡，這種政策基本上沒有受到限制。

負責批准定居點建設的國防部機構已經八個月沒有召開會議了——涵蓋了拜登上任以來的整個時期。

該官員表示，民政高級規劃小組委員會將“在某個時候”召開會議，並以“明智的方式”發布定居點的建設計劃。

這位官員說：“政策是首先在集團內沒有問題的城鎮給予批准，而集團以外的項目將根據需要批准。”政府試圖避免將靠近綠線的所謂定居點與西岸深處更孤立的定居點區分開來。

內塔尼亞胡去年宣布計劃吞併以色列的所有定居點，但當阿拉伯聯合酋長國將與猶太國家的正常化協議以耶路撒冷擱置有爭議的約旦河西岸計劃為條件時，內塔尼亞胡被迫退縮。

甘茨（其辦公室負責以色列維持軍事控制的約旦河西岸的大部分事務）與領導新政府並歷來支持吞併約旦河西岸大部分地區的貝內特之間存在意識形態差異。

組成未來新政府的八個政黨的負責人於 2021 年 6 月 13 日在以色列議會開會。從左到右：Ra'am 領導 Mansour Abbas、工黨主席 Merav Michaeli、藍白黨黨魁 Benny Gantz、Yesh Atid 領導人 Yair Lapid , Yamina 首領 Naftali Bennett, New Hope 首領 Gideon Sa'ar, Yisrael Beytenu 首領 Avigdor Liberman 和 Meretz 首領 Nitzan Horowitz (Ariel Zandberg)

這位官員說：“我們必須批准一定數量的項目，一方面可以讓人們在那裡生活，另一方面又不會對我們造成外交損害，”同時承認目前尚不清楚高計劃小組委員會接下來將召開會議。“我不確定這需要兩週、一個月還是三個月。”

但是，按照加強巴勒斯坦權力機構的新目標，該官員認為，以色列定居點的新批准很可能與 C 區巴勒斯坦人的建築許可證相結合，這些人長期以來一直缺乏此類授權。

這位官員說，美國對以色列新做法的反應是積極的，兩國都有支持拉馬拉的目標，“所以我們正在共同努力以實現這一目標。”

Israel seeking to bolster PA, says senior official ahead of Bennett’s US visit

Defense Ministry holding off on settlement building approvals but will okay plans when timing is right, giving preference to projects in so-called blocs, says Israeli official

By JACOB MAGID Today, 11:19 am

Israeli soldiers check a Palestinian woman as she wait to cross the Qalandiya checkpoint between the West Bank city of Ramallah and Jerusalem, to attend the second Friday prayers in the al-Aqsa mosque during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan on April 23, 2021. (AP/Majdi Mohammed)

NEW YORK — The new Israeli government is seeking to strengthen the Palestinian Authority as it enters a post-Netanyahu era and to bolster its own ties with the Democratic administration in Washington, a senior Israeli official told The Times of Israel on Sunday.

“Our policy is first and foremost to strengthen the Palestinian Authority. Whatever Hamas receives, three times as much should be given to the PA,” said the official, who agreed to speak on condition of anonymity.

The approach being taken by the new unity government led by Prime Minister Naftali Bennett and Foreign Minister Yair Lapid flies in the face of the one maintained during the tenure of ex-premier Benjamin Netanyahu, when relations with the PA hit an all-time low.

But the shift will likely be essential to improving Israel’s relations with the US where the entry of Joe Biden into the White House marks a return to traditional American support for the two-state solution.

The new mindset is at the center of Israel’s policy both in the West Bank where the PA is based and in the Gaza Strip, which is ruled by the Hamas terror group.

Expanding the equation

Discussing Israel’s position on Gaza reconstruction after the 11-day conflict Israel fought with terror groups there in May, the official acknowledged that Israel has since been engaged in indirect talks with Hamas via Egyptian mediators in Cairo.

While the main players of those talks may be Israel and Hamas, the official said, Jerusalem has been adamant that the negotiation table be expanded.

“We are saying that the PA needs to be part of this equation… because it is the moderate faction,” the official argued.

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A Jordanian mobile field hospital passes into Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, through the Kerem Shalom crossing, the main passage point for goods entering Gaza from Israel, on May 21, 2021, after a ceasefire brokered by Egypt between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas terror group. (SAID KHATIB / AFP)

Israel is hoping this approach will result in Ramallah being tasked with distributing Qatari humanitarian aid in Gaza, the official said, while admitting that the matter is more dependent on approval from Hamas and Qatar.

In an effort to prevent the rearmament of Hamas, Bennett’s government says, it will no longer allow the bimonthly entrance of tens of millions of dollars in cash from Qatar. Instead, it is demanding a third party — such as the PA or the UN — be charged with divvying out the funds in hopes that they will be more closely monitored and won’t be used to bankroll Hamas military operations.

The Israeli position — along with its insistence that larger reconstruction projects for the Strip be conditioned on Hamas’s return of the two fallen IDF soldiers and two Israeli civilians it holds captive — have led to a dead end in the Cairo negotiations, but the official said that a development could still take place overnight.

West by West Bank

As for the West Bank, going about strengthening the PA is an easier task for the new Israeli government.

The senior official briefing ToI pointed to the Sunday cabinet decision to increase the number of work permits Israel provides for Palestinians by 15,000. The workers’ incomes are an important source of funding for the Palestinian economy, which has been battered by diminished international aid and a tough pandemic year.

Palestinian workers enter Israel through the Mitar checkpoint in the southern West Bank on May 5, 2020. (Wisam Hashlamoun/Flash90)

“We will try and advance all sorts of economic initiatives with the PA to try and strengthen their institutions as best we can… based on the understanding that this government won’t be able to strike a peace deal [with the Palestinians], but we can… work to ‘shrink the conflict,'” the official said, borrowing a phrase used by Israeli philosopher Micah Goodman, whose centrist political views have been coming to the attention of a growing number of cabinet members.

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Pressed for additional examples of how Israel might go about strengthening the PA, the official said Israel is prepared to give PA security forces greater room to operate in the West Bank and will try “to embarrass them less, by limiting as much as possible [IDF] operations that take place in front of PA police stations.”

In June, an IDF arrest operation outside the PA Military Intelligence Unit headquarters in Jenin ended in the deaths of two PA security officers in an exchange of fire with Israeli forces.

Other avenues for bolstering Ramallah being considered include expanding the list of imports Israel allows into the West Bank and authorizing the purchase of additional operational equipment by PA security forces, “such as GPS software,” the official said. “This helps create a reality in which there is better governance in [the West Bank].”

The Defense Ministry is also looking into whether it can authorize Palestinian ID cards for roughly 7,000 undocumented Palestinians living in the West Bank’s Area C, which is under Israeli security and civilian control, the official said. The Oslo Accords of the 1990s made Israel temporarily responsible for approving new IDs for Palestinians in the West Bank, given that the IDF controls all crossings into the territory, but granting identity cards for thousands often stalls due to Israeli security concerns.

The official acknowledged that there are limitations to the new policy goal. Last month, the security cabinet voted to withhold nearly NIS 600 million ($184 million) from the PA to offset funds that Ramallah paid in so-called terror stipends to security prisoners and their families in the past year.

Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, right, meets with US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, in the West Bank city of Ramallah, May 25, 2021. (Majdi Mohammed/AP)

“We delayed the implementation of the [offsetting terrorists’ stipends] law, but in the end we must follow it,” the official said. “The PA said it’s looking at ways to reform their payment policy, so we’re waiting for them to do that.”

And when the government has sought to boost cooperation with the PA, it has not always found a willing partner. Ramallah backed out of an agreement last month to trade a million Israeli coronavirus vaccines in exchange for an equal number of doses to be acquired by the PA at a later date after it was publicized that the Israeli vaccines were slated to expire within weeks, even though Israel was using doses from the batch on its own population.

The Israeli government is also restricted by its unique makeup, with centrist and dovish ministers from the Yesh Atid, Blue and White, Labor and Meretz parties who are interested in reaching a political settlement with the PA holding key roles. On the other hand, they are balanced out by a prime minister from the hawkish Yamina party along with other cabinet members from the right-wing New Hope and Yisrael Beytenu parties who are on record with much less accommodating views toward the PA.

But evidently recognizing that a publicly hardline approach will win him few friends in Washington, Bennett too has begun speaking of his desire to “shrink the conflict” and improve economic conditions for the Palestinians. He has also allowed senior officials to hold no fewer than six phone calls and meetings with their Palestinian counterparts since being sworn into office less than two months ago.

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Defense Minister Benny Gantz’s call last month with PA President Mahmoud Abbas was the first official conversation between an Israeli minister and the Palestinian leader since 2017.

Differentiating between the blocs and isolated settlements

The senior official spoke to ToI as Bennett’s senior aides were arriving to Washington to meet with their American counterparts in preparation for the prime minister’s upcoming White House visit.

The new government has been determined to demonstrate that it is capable of improving ties with both parties in the US, and not just with Republicans, who rushed to Israel’s side during the Netanyahu era.

View of the settlement of Yitzhar, in the West Bank on October 31, 2019. (Sraya Diamant/Flash90)

Part of this strategy has included an apparent reset of settlement policy, which went largely unchecked over the last four years when former US president Donald Trump was in office.

The Defense Ministry body responsible for authorizing settlement construction hasn’t convened in eight months — covering the entire period since Biden entered office.

The official said that the Civil Administration’s High Planning Subcommittee will be convened “at some point” and the building plans for the settlements will be released in a “smart manner.”

“The policy is to first and foremost grant approvals in towns within the blocs where there is no problem to develop them, while projects beyond the blocs will be approved on an as-needed basis,” the official said, indicating a shift from the previous government, which sought to avoid differentiating between the so-called settlement blocs closer to the Green Line and the more isolated settlements deep in the West Bank.

Netanyahu announced plans to annex all of Israel’s settlements last year but was forced to backtrack when the United Arab Emirates conditioned their normalization agreement with the Jewish state on Jerusalem’s shelving of the controversial plan for the West Bank.

There are ideological differences between Gantz — whose office is in charge of most affairs in the West Bank over which Israel maintains military control — and Bennett, who heads the new government and has historically backed annexation of a majority of the West Bank.

The heads of the eight parties making up the prospective new government meet in the Knesset on June 13, 2021. Left to right: Ra’am head Mansour Abbas, Labor chief Merav Michaeli, Blue and White head Benny Gantz, Yesh Atid leader Yair Lapid, Yamina chief Naftali Bennett, New Hope head Gideon Sa’ar, Yisrael Beytenu chief Avigdor Liberman and Meretz leader Nitzan Horowitz (Ariel Zandberg)

“We’ll have to approve a certain number of projects that on the one hand will allow people to live there and on the other hand don’t cause us diplomatic damage,” the official said, while admitting that it was unclear when the High Planning subcommittee would convene next. “I’m not sure if it’ll take two weeks, a month, or three.”

But following up on the new goal of strengthening the PA, the official, that new approvals for Israeli settlements could well be coupled with building permits for Palestinians in Area C, who have long suffered from a lack of such authorizations.

The official said that the US response to the new Israeli approach has been positive and that the two countries share the objective of bolstering Ramallah, “so we’re working together in order to do that.”

伊朗最高領袖哈梅內伊正式任命極端保守的賴西為總統

在國家就核協議和嚴厲制裁進行談判時接任的強硬派發誓，國家經濟不會與“外國人的意願”掛鉤

由機構和TOI 工作人員提供今天，下午 1:26

2021 年 8 月 3 日，伊朗最高領袖阿亞圖拉·阿里·哈梅內伊 (Ayatollah Ali Khamenei) 在伊朗德黑蘭舉行的背書儀式上向新當選的總統易卜拉欣·賴西 (Ebrahim Raisi) 授予正式批准印章。 （伊朗最高領袖辦公室通過美聯社）

伊朗德黑蘭——週二，在易卜拉欣·賴西 (Ebrahim Raisi) 就職典禮前兩天，伊朗最高領導人正式支持他的強硬門生擔任該國下一任總統。

伊朗最高領袖阿亞圖拉·阿里·哈梅內伊（Ayatollah Ali Khamenei）在其幕僚長在儀式上宣讀的一項法令中寫道：“根據人民的選擇，我任命睿智、不知疲倦、經驗豐富且廣受歡迎的霍賈托勒斯拉姆·易卜拉欣·賴西擔任伊朗伊斯蘭共和國總統。”

哈梅內伊在講話中建議前司法部長雷西“賦予該國窮人權力並改善本國貨幣”。

哈梅內伊在重複他一貫的關於伊朗“敵人”試圖影響公眾輿論的反西方言論的同時，在代言時語氣溫和。他專注於伊朗日益嚴重的國內問題，讚揚了賴西的反腐運動，並要求他鼓勵當地生產。

“國家需要稱職、有效和勇敢的管理，”哈梅內伊說。

Raisi 沒有對在維也納陷入僵局的核談判發表評論，他強調他將“尋求取消壓迫性制裁”，以挽救陷入困境的經濟。

“我們不會將人民的餐桌和經濟與外國人的意願聯繫起來，”他說。

在伊朗最高領導人辦公室官方網站發布的這張照片中，最高領導人阿亞圖拉·阿里·哈梅內伊於 8 月 3 日在伊朗德黑蘭向參加新當選總統易卜拉欣·賴西的背書儀式的參與者致意, 2021. (伊朗最高領袖辦公室通過美聯社)

新總統的上任正值伊朗和整個中東地區的敏感時期。

廣告

美國的製裁摧毀了經濟，導致伊朗里亞爾暴跌，並在大流行加劇的危機中對普通伊朗人造成了沉重打擊。

週二的儀式標誌著 Raisi 正式上任。然後他將於週四在議會宣誓就職，屆時他將提交他提議的政府陣容。

2021 年 6 月 21 日，伊朗新當選總統易卜拉欣·賴西在伊朗德黑蘭舉行的新聞發布會結束時向與會者揮手致意。 (Vahid Salemi/AP)

以色列外交部周一譴責歐盟決定派外交官恩里克·莫拉參加即將舉行的就職典禮。自那以後，莫拉的出席計劃沒有任何變化。

賴西在 6 月的總統選舉中獲勝，在許多政治重量級人物被禁止參選後，超過一半的選民都沒有參加。

作為前司法部長，他因其人權記錄而受到西方的批評。

Raisi 被列入華盛頓制裁的伊朗官員黑名單，因為他參與了對抗議活動的“殘酷鎮壓”和“1988 年對數千名政治犯的法外處決”。

廣告

國際特赦組織指責 Raisi 作為“死亡委員會”的檢察官發揮了關鍵作用，該委員會於 1988 年將數千名囚犯送往死亡，人權組織將其描述為危害人類罪。

這位 60 歲的老人還面臨美國、英國和以色列就上週發生的一起致命油輪襲擊事件向伊朗發出的警告，德黑蘭否認對此負責。

對即將回歸德黑蘭破爛不堪的 2015 年核協議的懷疑已成為懸在即將上任的強硬政府頭上的烏雲。

三年前美國前總統唐納德·特朗普讓美國退出該協議後，核協議的崩潰注定了即將離任的哈桑·魯哈尼相對溫和的政府，他的支持率直線下降。

在整個代言儀式上，魯哈尼都面無表情地坐著。

在伊朗總統府官方網站發布的這張照片中，哈桑·魯哈尼總統於 2021 年 7 月 14 日在伊朗德黑蘭舉行的內閣會議上發表講話。（伊朗總統府通過美聯社）

2015 年的協議讓伊朗接受對其核能力的限制，以換取放鬆制裁。

在退出所謂的聯合全面行動計劃後，隨著德黑蘭撤回其大部分核承諾，美國再次加大製裁力度。

美國的製裁扼殺了伊朗及其重要的石油出口，經濟在 2018 年和 2019 年都收縮了 6% 以上。

特朗普的繼任美國總統喬拜登已承諾，如果伊朗重新遵守該協議，將重新加入具有里程碑意義的核協議並取消制裁。

廣告

美國與伊朗進行了間接談判，同時在維也納與該協議的其餘各方——英國、中國、法國、德國和俄羅斯進行了正式會談。

但現在中東緊張局勢升級有可能使外交編排複雜化。西方指責伊朗上週發動無人機襲擊，襲擊了一艘與阿曼海岸附近的以色列億萬富翁有關的油輪，造成一名英國保安人員和一名羅馬尼亞船員死亡。

這張 2016 年 1 月 2 日的照片顯示了南非開普敦附近懸掛利比里亞國旗的油輪默瑟街（Johan Victor via AP）

伊朗否認參與了這起事件，這是在針對該地區商業航運的長達數年的影子戰爭之後發生的第一次已知的致命襲擊。

經濟最高挑戰

意大利歐洲大學研究所研究員 Clement Therme 表示，因美國製裁而加劇的伊朗經濟困境將成為新總統面臨的最大挑戰。

“他的主要目標將是通過加強伊斯蘭共和國與鄰國以及俄羅斯和中國等其他國家的經濟關係來改善經濟狀況，”Therme 說。

2017-2018 年冬天，以及 2019 年，經濟危機引發的街頭抗議震動了全國。

上個月，石油資源豐富的胡齊斯坦省遭受旱災，示威者走上街頭髮洩憤怒。

2021 年 7 月伊朗胡齊斯坦省水資源短缺的抗議活動（視頻截圖）

冠狀病毒大流行加劇了經濟萎靡不振，官方已奪去 90,000 多人的生命，並打擊了許多伊朗人的腰包。

在周日的最後一次內閣會議上，魯哈尼為自己的過往記錄進行了辯護，但對伊朗人不得不忍受的“困難”表示歉意。

Iran supreme leader Khamenei formally tasks ultraconservative Raisi as president

Hardliner, who takes over as country is in negotiations over nuclear deal and crippling sanctions, vows nation’s economy won’t be tied to ‘will of foreigners’

By AGENCIES and TOI STAFFToday, 1:26 pm

Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, left, gives his official seal of approval to newly elected President Ebrahim Raisi in an endorsement ceremony in Tehran, Iran, August 3, 2021. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader via AP)

TEHRAN, Iran — Iran’s supreme leader officially endorsed his hardline protégé as the nation’s next president on Tuesday, two days ahead of Ebrahim Raisi’s inauguration.

“Following the people’s choice, I task the wise, indefatigable, experienced and popular Hojatoleslam Ebrahim Raisi as president of the Islamic Republic of Iran,” Iran’s supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei wrote in a decree read out by his chief of staff at a ceremony.

In his speech, Khamenei advised Raisi, a former judiciary chief, to “empower the country’s poor people and improve the national currency.”

While repeating his usual anti-West rhetoric about Iran’s “enemies” seeking to sway public opinion, Khamenei struck a milder tone during the endorsement. He focused on Iran’s mounting domestic issues, praising Raisi’s anti-corruption campaign and asking him to encourage local production.

“The nation needs competent, effective and brave management,” Khamenei said.

Without commenting on stalled nuclear negotiations in Vienna, Raisi stressed he would “pursue the removal of oppressive sanctions” in order to salvage the crippled economy.

“We will not [tie] the people’s dining tables and the economy to the will of the foreigners,” he said.

In this picture released by an official website of the office of the Iranian supreme leader, Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei greets participants in an endorsement ceremony to give his official seal of approval to newly elected President Ebrahim Raisi, in Tehran, Iran, Aug. 3, 2021. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader via AP)

The new president’s ascension comes at a sensitive time for Iran and the wider Middle East.

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Iran is reeling from crushing US sanctions that have devastated the economy, led to the crash of the Iranian riyal and hit ordinary Iranians hard in a crisis exacerbated by the pandemic.

Tuesday’s ceremony marked Raisi’s formal accession to office. He will then be sworn in before parliament on Thursday, when he is to submit his proposed government lineup.

Iran’s new President-elect Ebrahim Raisi waves to participants at the conclusion of his press conference in Tehran, Iran, June 21, 2021. (Vahid Salemi/AP)

Israel’s Foreign Ministry on Monday condemned a European Union decision to send diplomat Enrique Mora to the upcoming inauguration ceremony. No change in Mora’s plan to attend has since been announced or reported.

Raisi won a presidential election in June in which more than half the electorate stayed away after many political heavyweights were barred from standing.

A former judiciary chief, he has been criticized by the West for his human rights record.

Raisi is on a blacklist of Iranian officials sanctioned by Washington, due to his complicity in a “brutal crackdown” on protests and “extrajudicial executions of thousands of political prisoners in 1988.”

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Amnesty International has accused Raisi of having played a key role as a prosecutor on the “death commission” that sent thousands of prisoners to their deaths in 1988, described as a crime against humanity by the rights group.

The 60-year-old also faces the United States, Britain, and Israel’s warnings to Iran over a deadly tanker attack last week for which Tehran denies responsibility.

Doubts about an imminent return to Tehran’s tattered 2015 nuclear deal, which granted Iran sanctions relief in exchange for limits on its nuclear program, have become a dark cloud dangling over the incoming hardline administration.

The collapse of the nuclear agreement after former US president Donald Trump withdrew the US from the accord three years ago doomed the relatively moderate administration of outgoing Hassan Rouhani, who has seen his popularity plummet.

Rouhani sat stone-faced throughout the endorsement ceremony.

In this photo released by the official website of the office of the Iranian Presidency, President Hassan Rouhani speaks in a cabinet meeting in Tehran, Iran, July 14, 2021. (Iranian Presidency Office via AP)

The 2015 deal saw Iran accept curbs on its nuclear capabilities in return for an easing of sanctions.

After pulling out of the so-called Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the US ramped up sanctions again, as Tehran pulled back from most of its nuclear commitments.

US sanctions have choked Iran and its vital oil exports, and the economy contracted by more than six percent in both 2018 and 2019.

Trump’s successor US President Joe Biden has pledged to rejoin the landmark nuclear accord and lift sanctions if Iran moves back into compliance with the agreement.

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The US has engaged in indirect negotiations with Iran alongside formal talks in Vienna with the accord’s remaining parties — Britain, China, France, Germany and Russia.

But escalating tensions in the Middle East now risk complicating the diplomatic choreography. The West has blamed Iran for a drone attack last week that struck an oil tanker linked to an Israeli billionaire off the coast of Oman, killing a British security guard and a Romanian crew member.

This Jan. 2, 2016 photo shows the Liberian-flagged oil tanker Mercer Street off Cape Town, South Africa (Johan Victor via AP)

Iran has denied involvement in the incident, which marks the first-known fatal assault after a yearslong shadow war targeting commercial shipping in the region.

Economy top challenge

Iran’s economic woes, exacerbated by US sanctions, will be the new president’s top challenge, said Clement Therme, a researcher at the European University Institute in Italy.

“His main objective will be to improve the economic situation by reinforcing the Islamic republic’s economic relations with neighboring countries” and others such as Russia and China, Therme said.

In the winter of 2017-2018, and again in 2019, street protests sparked by the economic crisis rocked the country.

And last month, demonstrators in oil-rich Khuzestan province, which has been hit by drought, took to the streets to vent their anger.

Protests over water shortages in Khuzestan province, Iran, July 2021 (video screenshot)

The economic malaise has been exacerbated by the coronavirus pandemic, which has officially cost more than 90,000 lives and also hit many Iranians in the pocket.

In his final cabinet meeting on Sunday, Rouhani defended his track record but apologized over the “hardships” Iranians have had to endure.

PM 反對：我們在 36 小時內批准了預算，你不能在 36 個月內完成

財政部長有信心支出計劃將在 11 月之前獲得以色列議會的批准，並表示如果需要，聯盟將招募聯合名單 MK；阿拉伯黨反駁：我們不能被收買

作者：RAOUL WOOTLIFF和TOI 工作人員今天，凌晨 1:50

納夫塔利·貝內特總理於 2021 年 8 月 2 日在以色列議會發表講話。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

總理納夫塔利·貝內特 (Naftali Bennett) 週一嘲笑本傑明·內塔尼亞胡 (Benjamin Netanyahu) 領導的前政府，此前他的內閣三年來首次投票批准國家預算。

“我們在 36 小時內完成了你在 36 個月內沒有完成的工作，我們通過了預算，”貝內特在激烈的議會全體會議上對反對派說。

“你會更希望我們參加第七次選舉，第八次選舉，”他說，指的是以色列曠日持久的政治危機，從 2019 年 4 月到他的政府於 6 月成立，共進行了四輪選舉。

“[對你]重要的是你的個人利益，”即使這意味著分裂以色列，他補充道。

在前任政府中，當時的總理內塔尼亞胡拒絕通過預算——這使他能夠在沒有當時的聯盟夥伴國防部長本尼·甘茨（Benny Gantz）根據輪換協議的條款立即成為過渡總理的情況下舉行選舉。

貝內特在講話中受到了質問，反對派的沙斯領導人阿里耶·德里高喊“騙子”，利庫德集團 MK May Golan 在稱總理“可悲”後被趕出會議廳。

反對黨領袖內塔尼亞胡週一早些時候抨擊了支出計劃，稱這是他見過的最糟糕的情況，並發誓要阻止該計劃在以色列議會通過。

內塔尼亞胡在以色列議會舉行的利庫德集團黨派會議開幕式上對記者說：“我在我的時間里通過了很多預算，但我以前從未見過如此殘酷的預算。”

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反對黨領袖本傑明·內塔尼亞胡在 2021 年 8 月 2 日的全體會議上向以色列議會發表講話。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

“它充滿了經濟削減、稅收和價格上漲。他們沒有降低稅收並讓以色列公民更輕鬆，而是提高稅收和價格並傷害以色列公民，“他聲稱。

“為什麼以色列公民需要付出代價，政府才能向 MK Mansour Abbas 支付 530 億新謝克爾？” 這位前總理補充說，他指的是向聯盟的 Ra'am 黨領袖承諾的阿拉伯以色列社區的預算。

內塔尼亞胡表示，他將“千方百計”阻止預算通過以色列議會。

在獲得內閣批准後，這項複雜的立法現在必須在 11 月 4 日的最後期限之前通過委員會階段和議會全體會議的三讀——這對在議會中佔微弱多數的聯盟來說是一個關鍵挑戰。如果它不通過，議會將自動解散，選舉將隨之而來。

2021 年 8 月 2 日，以色列議會在耶路撒冷以色列議會大會堂舉行的全體會議上。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼 (Avigdor Liberman) 週一為預算辯護，並表示聯盟將毫不猶豫地向幾位阿拉伯反對派議員尋求支持，以支持以色列議會投票。

菅直人周日報導稱，政府消息人士已經在與反對黨聯合名單的成員進行談判，以協商聯盟外部對預算的支持。

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“如果我們需要，我們會毫無羞恥地招募其中一兩個 [聯合名單立法者]。我們擁有預算的多數票，我們不需要 61 票[投票]，”利伯曼週一晚上告訴第 12 頻道。

聯合名單回應稱，“買不起”。

“我們不會支持深化佔領和定居、提高電力和天然氣價格、提高女性退休年齡和剝奪弱者權利的預算，”聯合名單說。

財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼 (Avigdor Liberman) 於 2021 年 7 月 26 日在耶路撒冷議會舉行的以色列拜特努黨派系會議上發表講話。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

預算將需要薄薄的聯盟的所有選票才能通過，一個立法者的反對就可以將其推翻。由貝內特領導的新政府的多元化組成——由右翼、中間派和左翼政黨組成——使這項工作複雜化。

為期兩年的國家預算為 2021 年撥款 1870 億美元，為 2022 年撥款 1730 億美元，其中包括對kashrut 機構和農業的全面改革、對一次性塑料製品和含糖飲料徵收高額稅款，以及對進口政策進行重大調整。

其他重大改革包括在 11 年內逐步將女性的退休年齡提高到 65 歲，以每年四個月的速度持續三年，再以每年三個月的速度再增加八年。

在接受第 12 頻道採訪時，利伯曼吹捧了預算改革，包括含糖飲料和塑料製品稅。

“這恰恰是為了改變行為。預算不僅是條款，它還影響日常生活，”財政部長說。

沙斯主席德里還發誓反對他所謂的“白人預算”，週一在他的政黨派系會議上說，這將傷害以色列社會中最薄弱的部分。

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“今天貝內特、[外交部長亞伊爾]拉皮德和利伯曼的遊船政府批准了'白色'預算，”他說。“利伯曼半夜拿著一杯白葡萄酒在政府走廊裡走來走去，壓垮了社會上最弱的人。這個政府是強者對弱者。”

外交部長 Yair Lapid 於 2021 年 8 月 2 日在以色列議會舉行的 Yesh Atid 派系會議上發表講話。 (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

聯合托拉猶太教 MK Yaakov Asher 還聲稱預算忽略了以色列最弱勢的人口，並將對需要援助的社會關鍵部分增稅。

“財政部長承諾不會增稅。如果他要對伏特加徵稅，我會說，'這是需要勇氣的事情，'”阿舍告訴 Radio 103 FM，提到利伯曼在前蘇聯的根源。

然而，在 Yesh Atid 派系會議上，拉皮德為內閣批准預算歡呼，並預測它將贏得以色列議會的支持。

“三年來，以色列國沒有預算，完全是因為政治，”他說。

兼任候補總理的拉皮德表示，他將與“所有派別”接觸以討論預算，暗示聯盟將尋求反對黨的額外支持。

拉皮德回應了貝內特的話，貝內特對周一早些時候提出的預算表示歡迎，他說：“經過三年的停滯，以色列重新開始工作。”

“經過多年的忽視，今天早上我們制定了最大膽、最關注競爭的預算，對[社會]弱勢群體最有幫助，最關心我們孩子的未來，”貝內特在馬拉鬆比賽后說通宵內閣會議。

以色列上一次批准的國家預算是 2019 年，之後該國陷入長達兩年的政治僵局。該預算於 2018 年 3 月獲得通過。

總理納夫塔利·貝內特（中）和財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼（左）在內閣會議上批准國家預算，2021 年 8 月 2 日（GPO/Amos Ben Gershom）

利伯曼週一上午表示，計劃中的改革將為許多人的生活帶來切實的改變。

“我們批准的改革主要側重於降低生活成本。我們在基礎設施、交通和房地產方面投入了大量資金，並實施了重大改革，以減少官僚主義，使我們日常業務或私人生活中的每個人都更輕鬆，”利伯曼在一份聲明中說。

利伯曼曾表示，他相信預算會通過，因為即使是大多數反對派也不希望進行新一輪選舉。

以色列工作人員時報為本報告做出了貢獻。

PM to opposition: We okayed budget in 36 hours, you couldn’t do it in 36 months

Finance minister confident spending plan will win Knesset approval by November, says coalition will recruit Joint List MKs if needed; Arab party retorts: We can’t be bought

By RAOUL WOOTLIFF and TOI STAFFToday, 1:50 am

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett speaks in the Knesset on August 2, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett on Monday derided the previous government led by Benjamin Netanyahu, after his cabinet voted to approve a national budget for the first time in three years.

“We’ve done in 36 hours what you didn’t do in 36 months, we passed a budget,” Bennett said during a heated Knesset plenary session, addressing the opposition.

“You would have preferred that we head to seventh elections, eighth elections,” he said, referring to Israel’s protracted political crisis that saw four rounds of elections from April 2019 until his government was formed in June.

“What matters [to you] is your personal interests,” even if it means ripping Israel apart, he added.

In the previous government, then-prime minister Netanyahu refused to pass a budget — which allowed him to call elections without then-coalition partner Defense Minister Benny Gantz immediately becoming transitional prime minister under the terms of their rotation deal.

Bennett was heckled during his remarks, with the opposition’s Shas leader Aryeh Deri crying out “liar” and Likud MK May Golan removed from the chamber after calling the premier “pathetic.”

Opposition Leader Netanyahu assailed the spending plan earlier Monday, saying it was the worst he had ever seen and vowing to block its passage in the Knesset.

“I have passed many budgets in my time but I have never seen such an atrocious budget before,” Netanyahu told reporters at the opening of his Likud party faction meeting in the Knesset.

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Opposition leader Benjamin Netanyahu addresses the Knesset during a plenum session on August 2, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

“It is full of economic cuts, tax and price increases. Instead of lowering taxes and making it easier for Israeli citizens, they are raising taxes and prices and harming Israeli citizens,” he claimed.

“Why do Israeli citizens need to pay the price so the government can pay NIS 53 billion to MK Mansour Abbas?” the former prime minister added, referring to budgets for the Arab Israeli community promised to the head of the coalition’s Ra’am party.

Netanyahu said he would “leave no stone unturned” in his bid to block the budget from passing in the Knesset.

Having been approved by the cabinet, the complex legislation must now pass through committee stages and three readings in the Knesset plenum by a November 4 deadline — in a key challenge for the coalition, which holds a narrow parliamentary majority. If it does not pass by then, the Knesset would automatically dissolve and elections would follow.

The Israeli parliament during a plenum session in the assembly hall of the Israeli parliament, in Jerusalem, on August 2, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman defended the budget on Monday and said the coalition would not hesitate to court several Arab opposition lawmakers for support in the Knesset votes.

Sources in the government have already been talking to members of the opposition’s Joint List to negotiate support from outside the coalition for the budget, Kan reported Sunday.

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“If we need to, we’ll recruit one or two of them [Joint List lawmakers] without shame. We have a majority for the budget, we don’t need 61 [votes],” Liberman told Channel 12 on Monday evening.

The Joint List, in response, said it “can’t be bought.”

“We won’t support a budget that deepens the occupation and settlements, raises the prices of electricity and gas, raises the retirement age for women and disenfranchises the weak,” the Joint List said.

Finance MinisterAvigdor Liberman speaks during a faction meeting of his Yisrael Beytenu party in the Knesset, Jerusalem, on July 26, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

The budget will require all the votes of the wafer-thin coalition to pass, with the opposition of a single lawmaker able to bring it down. The diverse composition of the new government led by Bennett — made up of right-wing, centrist and left-wing parties — complicates the effort.

The two-year state budget allocates $187 billion for 2021 and $173 billion for 2022, and includes sweeping reforms of the kashrut establishment and the agriculture industry, steep taxes on disposable plasticware and sugary drinks, and considerable changes to import policies.

Other major reforms include the gradual raising of the retirement age for women to 65 over the course of 11 years, at a rate of four months a year for three years, and three months a year for a further eight years.

In his interview with Channel 12, Liberman touted the reforms in the budget, including the sugary drinks and plasticware taxes.

“This is precisely to change behavior. A budget is not only clauses, it’s to influence day-to-day life,” said the finance minister.

Shas chair Deri also vowed to oppose what he called “the white budget,” telling his party’s faction meeting on Monday that it would harm the weakest segments of Israeli society.

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“Today Bennett, [Foreign Minister Yair] Lapid and Liberman’s pleasure-boat government approved the ‘white’ budget,” he said. “Liberman walks around the middle of the night in the government corridors with a glass of white wine and crushes the weakest people in society. This government is of the strong versus the weak.”

Foreign Minister Yair Lapid speaks during a Yesh Atid faction meeting at the Knesset on August 2, 2021. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90)

United Torah Judaism MK Yaakov Asher also claimed the budget ignored Israel’s weakest populations and will raise taxes on critical segments of society in need of assistance.

“The finance minister promised not to raise taxes. If he were to institute a tax on vodka, I would have said, ‘This is something that takes courage,'” Asher told Radio 103 FM, in a reference to Liberman’s roots in the former Soviet Union.

At the Yesh Atid faction meeting, however, Lapid cheered the cabinet’s approval of a budget and predicted it would win Knesset backing.

“For three years the State of Israel was without a budget, all because of politics,” he said.

Lapid, who also serves as alternate prime minister, said he would reach out to “all factions” to discuss the budget, suggesting the coalition would seek additional support from opposition parties.

Lapid echoed the words of Bennett, who welcomed the advancing of the budget earlier Monday, saying, “After three years of stagnation, Israel is back to work.”

“After years of neglect, this morning we have produced the most daring, most competition-focused budget, the most helpful to the weaker segments [of society], and the most concerned about the future of our children,” Bennett said following a marathon all-night cabinet meeting.

Israel’s last approved state budget was for 2019, before the country became embroiled in a two-year political gridlock. That budget was passed in March 2018.

Prime Minister Naftali Bennett (C) and Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman (L) at a cabinet meeting to approve the state budget, August 2, 2021 (GPO/Amos Ben Gershom)

Liberman said Monday morning that the planned reforms would bring tangible change to the lives of many.

“The reforms we have approved focus primarily on lowering the cost of living. We have invested huge amounts of funding in infrastructure, transportation and real estate, and we have implemented significant reforms that will reduce bureaucracy, making it easier for everyone in our day-to-day business or private life,” Liberman said in a statement.

Liberman has said he believes the budget will pass because even most of the opposition does not want a fresh round of elections.

Times of Israel staff contributed to this report.